Internet Counts Measuring the Impacts of the Internet (1998) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
APPENDIX D
APPENDIX D
Pages 80-88
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 80... ...
Internet access is available in most African countries. However, the relatively poor telephone infiastn~cture in Attica is a limiting factor to Internet growth, and, as a result, in many cases connectivity is limited to capital cities.36 Research indicates clearly that the relative absence of modern technologies in Afi ice results from a variety of factorsfinancial constraints, personnel constraints, weak basic telecommunications infi astructure, and especially public policies that too open preempt rather than promote new information technologies and the services they can provide.
|
From page 81... ...
While Africa as a whole can be considered to have a relatively poor telecommunications infrastructure compared to the United States or Western Europe, differences certainly exist among Afiican countries and cities, and marked differences exist between major urban areas and the rest of the continent. The following sections provide some country-specific information on Senegal and Ghana, the two countries visited by the commi~eein august 1997.
|
From page 82... ...
The government is gradually reforming restrictive import policies, increasing privatization, and dismantling monopolies to encourage investment, increase competition in the marketplace, and improve the country's economic infrastructure. Sonatel-Senegal's Post, Telephone, and Telegraph administration-is a gove~nment-owned agency that holds a monopoly in the telecommunications sector.
|
From page 83... ...
ISPs in general seem to have the technical expertise to track some use information, and in fact at least some do track information on traffic coming into and going out of the country, though they do not know what percentage of that is simple electronic mail versus the transfer of files and other information flows. One organization the committee met with reported monitoring the source of hits to its Web page.
|
From page 84... ...
by NGOs and research institutions spread in the late 1980s and early 1990s. ORSTOM, a French research organization with branches in several ADican states, established a computer network in 1989 to improve communication between its Paris headquarters and its overseas centers.
|
From page 85... ...
After gaining independence In 1957, Ghana went through a period of state-controlled development during which the economy declined significantly and the countless infrastructure virtually collapsed. International assistance programs and the economic recovery program initiated by the Ghanaian government in 1982 have helped stabilize and liberalize the economy and reduce rural poverty.
|
From page 86... ...
According to some individuals in Ghana, the Diving force behind Internet development in the country is the private sector, with the gov~nt playing only a limited role. The Ghanaian government does not have any concrete plans to interconnect ad the government ministries, nor is the Internet used In daily operations.
|
From page 87... ...
The committee believes this work is especially timely because many Afiican governments are liberalizing their telecommunications sectors and hence expanding opportunities for information technologies to impact society. Creating 87
|
From page 88... ...
_ldcd b"dines em ~ the Fusion process is Bomb to serve both pomp Chic Proses.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.