Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment (2000) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A Glossary
Appendix A Glossary
Pages 279-289
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Appendixes
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1999. Genome-wide scan for autism susceptibility genes.
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Bioinformatics The study of how to most efficiently manage and uti lize vast amounts of genomic sequence data. Biological markers Indicators signaling events in biological systems or (biomarkers)
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DNA copy of mRNA from expressed genes made by the enzyme reverse transcriptase. Bacterial recombinase system in which the Cre protein mediates DNA recombination between specific DNA sequences known as lox-P sites.
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cells Environmental factor Epistasis Eukaryotic 283 The study of adverse effects on the developing organism that might result from exposure prior to conception (of either parent) , during prenatal development, or from postnatal development to the time of sexual maturation.
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An approach to identify a particular gene starting with some knowledge about a mutant phenotype. The systematic and comprehensive analysis of gene products, including mRNAs and proteins.
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to the likelihood of chance alone. The lowest exposure level at which there are statistically or biologically significant increases in the frequency or severity of adverse effects in the exposed population and its appropriate control.
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An exposure level at which there are no statistically or biologically significant increases in the frequency or severity of adverse effects between the exposed population and its appropriate control. Some effects may be observed at this level, but they are not considered adverse, nor precursors to adverse effects.
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of a continuous inhalation exposure to the human population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious noncancer effects during a lifetime.
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The integration of both qualitative and quantitative information from hazard identification and assessment of exposure and dose-response relationships. It is usually the last step in the risk assessment process and it includes an evaluation of uncertainty and variability in the assessment that would significantly influence the analysis.
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One of several factors used in calculating an exposure level that will not cause toxicity from experimental data. UFs are used to account for the variation in susceptibility among humans, the uncertainty in extrapolating from experimental animal data to humans, the uncertainty in extrapolating from data from studies in which agents are given for less than a lifetime, and the uncertainty in using LOAEL data instead of NOAEL data.
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Key Terms
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