Biomedical and Behavioral Research Scientists: Their Training and Supply Volume I: Findings (1989) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-10
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In particular, this report moves toward a substantially greater emphasis on qualitative issues than heretofore, especially with respect to evaluating the merit of training programs and the productivity of individual careers. This shift in direction reflects the strong recommendation of a panel of experts (see below)
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These papers form the basis of Chapter 4, which is concerned entirely with these topics and represents an important innovation of the current report. The topics of program evaluation and productivity analysis are linked naturally by the assumption that effective research training programs should have measurable outcomes -- namely, enriching research careers and increasing the volume and quality of their output.
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Previous studies of NRSA research training found that program participants performed better than nonparticipants in their subsequent research careers. The design of these studies makes it impossible to determine whether the differences a effects of the training programs or of the selection process.
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Employment of nonclinical psychologists is dominated by the academic sector, which has had sluggish demand as a result of falling enrollments. A substantial number of nonclinical psychology Ph.D.s have switched fields to work as clinical psychologists, although this number should decline as state certification requirements increase.
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The IMPAC and CGA files are maintained by NIH, the former concerned with research grant and training programs and that NIH/ADAMHA administers and the latter with research grant applicants.
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Given the lack of data about supply/demand and questions about the effectiveness of physician research training, the committee recommends that the number of trainee and fellow positions for M.D. investigator training remain essentially the~same until current training programs are evaluated.
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.. 1985 1986 1987 1989 1990 1991_ 1992 1993 1994 1995 Biomedical 7741 7807 7387 7800 8200 8600 9000 9400 9400 9400 Predoctoral 4008 3856 3681 4000 4300 4600 4900 5200 5200 5200 Fellow 92 93 86 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Trainee 3916 3762 3594 3900 4200 4500 4800 5100 5100 5100 Postdoctoral 3733 3952 3707 3800 3900 4000 4100 4200 4200 4200 Fellow 1628 1817 1580 1600 1650 1700 1750 1800 1800 1800 Trainee 2106 2135 2127 2200 2250 2300 2350 2400 2400 2400 971 962 924 920 920 920 920 920 920 920 Predoctoral 530 515 504 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 Fel low 40 33 37 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Trainee 490 482 467 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 Postdoctora l 441 447 420 420 420 420 420 420 420 420 Fel low 91 91 95 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Trainee 350 356 324 320 320 320 320 320 320 320 Cl inical 2195 2229 2157 2150 2150 2150 2150 2150 2150 2150 Predoctoral 632 687 654 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 Fel low 2 6 17 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 T ra i nee 630 681 637 640 640 640 640 640 640 640 MSTP 629 661 636 640 640 640 640 640 640 640 Other 1 20 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Postdoctoral 1563 1542 1503 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 Fellow 181 139 113 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 Trainee 1382 1403 1390 1390 1390 1390 1390 1390 1390 1390 Total 10907 10998 10468 10870 11270 11670 12070 12470 12470 12470 Predoctoral 5171 5058 4839 5150 5450 5750 6050 6350 6350 6350 Fellow 135 132 141 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 Trainee 5036 4925 4698 5000 5300 5600 5900 6200 6200 6200 Postdoctoral 5737 5941 5629 5720 5820 5920 6020 6120 6120 6120 Fellow 1899 2047 1788 1810 1860 1910 1960 2010 2010 2010 Trainee 383B 3894 3841 3910 3960 4010 4060 4110 4110 4110 HRSA (not include in above figures)
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Evidently, NIH and other training programs are working effectively, at least in terms of their recruitment and retention through the doctorate. However, once into the career, the professional behavior of women and men continues to differ in important regards, such as numbers of papers published and citations received.
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. o NeecJ[ed organization with which to implement these recommendations: Given the research and evaluation agenda detailed in this report, the committee recommends that a new committee be activated no later than January 1992 in order to allow two years for the preparation of the 1993 report.
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