PROMOTING INNOVATION
2002 Assessment of the Partnership for Advancing Technology in Housing
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
WASHINGTON, D.C. www.nap.edu
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This study was supported by Contract Number C-OPC-21756 between the National Academy of Sciences and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number 0-309-08889-5 (book)
International Standard Book Number 0-309-50643-3 (PDF)
Available from:
Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment
National Research Council
500 Fifth Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20001
Additional copies of this report are available from the
National Academies Press,
500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet, <http://www.nap.edu>.
Copyright 2003 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES
Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Wm. A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. Wm. A. Wulf are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council.
COMMITTEE FOR REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT OF THE PARTNERSHIP FOR ADVANCING TECHNOLOGY IN HOUSING
C.R. “CHUCK” PENNONI, Chair,
Pennoni Associates, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
ROBERT BLANCETT,
USG Research & Technology, Inc., Libertyville, Illinois
PAUL R. FISETTE,
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
KAREN L. GEORGE,
Primen, Boulder, Colorado
MANUEL GONZALEZ,
KTGY Group, Inc., Irvine, California
ASHOK GOSWAMI,
National Conference of States on Building Codes and Standards, Inc., Herndon, Virginia
CHARLES J. KIBERT,
University of Florida, Gainesville
JOSEPH LAQUATRA,
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
TRICIA PARKS,
Parks Associates, Dallas, Texas
TIMOTHY REINHOLD,
Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina
JOHN K. SPEAR,
Richwood Development Corporation, Houston, Texas
Staff
RICHARD G. LITTLE, Director,
Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment
MICHAEL D. COHN, Project Officer
DANA CAINES, Administrative Associate
PAT WILLIAMS, Project Assistant
JULIA MELKERS, Consultant
BOARD ON INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE CONSTRUCTED ENVIRONMENT
PAUL GILBERT, Chair,
Parsons Brinckerhoff Quade & Douglas, Seattle, Washington
MASSOUD AMIN,
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
RACHEL DAVIDSON,
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
REGINALD DESROCHES,
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
DENNIS DUNNE,
California Department of General Services, Sacramento
PAUL FISETTE,
University of Massachusetts, Amherst
YACOV HAIMES,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville
HENRY HATCH,
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (retired), Oakton, Virginia
AMY HELLING,
Georgia State University, Atlanta
SUE McNEIL,
University of Illinois, Chicago
DEREK PARKER,
Anshen+Allen, San Francisco, California
DOUGLAS SARNO,
The Perspectives Group, Inc., Alexandria, Virginia
WILL SECRE,
Masterbuilders, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio
DAVID SKIVEN,
General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Michigan
MICHAEL STEGMAN,
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
DEAN STEPHAN,
Charles Pankow Builders (retired), Laguna Beach, California
ZOFIA ZAGER,
County of Fairfax, Fairfax, Virginia
CRAIG ZIMRING,
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta
Staff
RICHARD G. LITTLE, Director,
Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment
LYNDA L. STANLEY, Executive Director,
Federal Facilities Council
MICHAEL D. COHN, Program Officer
DANA CAINES, Financial Associate
JASON DREISBACH, Research Associate
PAT WILLIAMS, Senior Project Assistant
Acknowledgment of Reviewers
This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the NRC’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:
Dennis Creech, Southface Energy Institute,
Charles W. Graham, Texas A&M University,
Walter Grondzik, Florida A&M University,
Amy Helling, Georgia State University,
Boyd C. Paulson, Stanford University, and
Madan (Matt) Syal, Michigan State University.
Although the reviewers listed have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations, nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Charles B. Duke (NAE), Xerox Research and Technology. Appointed by the National Research Council, he was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.
Acronyms and Abbreviations
BEES
Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability
BFRL
Building and Fire Research Laboratory
CSREES
Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service
DAPIA
Design Approval Primary Inspection Agency
DOC
Department of Commerce
DOD
Department of Defense
DOE
Department of Energy
DOL
Department of Labor
DOT
Department of Transportation
EEBA
Energy and Environmental Building Association
EIFS
exterior insulated finishing system
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
FAWG
Federal Agency Working Group
FEMA
Federal Emergency Management Agency
FPL
Forest Products Laboratory
GPRA
Government Performance and Results Act of 1993
HUD
Department of Housing and Urban Development
ICF
insulating concrete form
MHRA
Manufactured Housing Research Alliance
NAHB
National Association of Home Builders
NAHBRC
National Association of Home Builders Research Center
NASFA
North American Steel Framing Alliance
NCSBCS
National Conference of States on Building Codes and Standards
NES
National Evaluation Service
NIST
National Institute of Standards and Technology
NRC
National Research Council
NSF
National Science Foundation
NSTC C&B
National Science and Technology Council Construction and Building Subcommittee
OECD
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
PATH
Partnership for Advancing Technology in Housing
PATH-CoRP
PATH Cooperative Research Program
PD&R
Policy Development and Research
PIC
PATH Interagency Council
R&D
research and development
USDA
U.S. Department of Agriculture