TABLE B–1 Estimating the Energy Value (kcal/kg dry matter) of Feed Ingredients from Proximate Composition (components as percentage of ingredient unless otherwise noted)
Ingredient |
Prediction Equation |
Reference |
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Cereal grains and milling by-products |
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Corn grain |
MEn = 36.21 × CP + 85.44 × EE + 37.26 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Sorghum (tannin <0.4%) |
MEn = 31.02 × CP + 77.03 × EE + 37.67 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Sorghum (tannin >1.0%) |
MEn = 21.98 × CP + 54.75 × EE + 35.18 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Sorghum |
ME = 3,152 - 357.79 × tannic acid |
Gous et al., 1982 |
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Sorghum |
MEn = 38.55 × DM - 394.59 × tannic acid |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Sorghum |
ME = 3,062 + 887 × CF - 202.5 × (CF)2 |
Moir and Connor, 1977 |
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Sorghum |
ME = 4,412 - 90.34 × ADF |
Moir and Connor, 1977 |
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Sorghum |
ME = 3,773 + 65.73 × APF - 3.272 × (APF)2 |
Moir and Connor, 1977 |
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Triticale |
MEn = 34.49 × CP + 62.16 × EE + 35.61 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Wheat |
MEn = 34.92 × CP + 63.1 × EE + 36.42 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Polished rice, rice polishings |
MEn = 46.7 × DM - 46.7 × ash - 69.55 × CP + 42.95 × EE - 81.95 × CF |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Rice bran, solvent extracted |
MEn = 46.7 × DM - 46.7 × ash - 69.54 × CP + 42.94 × EE - 81.95 × CF |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Rice products |
MEn = 4,759 - 88.6 × CP - 127.7 × CF + 52.1 × EE |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Bakery by-product |
MEn = 34.49 × CP + 76.1 × EE + 37.67 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Dried bakery products |
TMEn = 4,340 - 100 × CF - 40 × ash - 30 × CP + 10 × EE |
Dale et al., 1990 |
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Wheat middlings, wheat bran |
MEn = 40.1 × DM - 40.1 × ash - 165.39 × CF |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Wheat and wheat products (feeds in meal form) |
MEn = 3,985 - 205 × CF |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Wheat and wheat products (feeds in pellet form) |
MEn = 3,926 - 181 × CF |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Barley and barley products |
MEn = 3,078 - 90.4 × CF + 9.2 × STA |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Oats and oat products |
MEn = 2,970 - 59.7 × CF + 116.9 × EE |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Starch industry by-products |
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Corn wet-milling by-products |
MEn = 4,240 - 34.4 × CP - 159.6 × CF + 13.5 × EE |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Corn gluten meal (65% crude protein) |
MEn = 40.94 × CP + 88.17 × EE + 33.13 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Corn gluten meal (40% crude protein) |
MEn = 36.64 × CP + 73.3 × EE + 25.67 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Corn gluten feed (20% crude protein) |
MEn = 42.35 × DM - 42.35 × ash - 23.74 × CP + 28.03 × EE - 165.72 × CF |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Sugar industry products |
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Beet or cane molasses |
MEn = 40.01 × SUG |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Sugar |
MEn = 38.96 × SUG |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Distillers by-products |
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Brewer's dried grains, corn distillers' dried solubles, corn distillers' dried grains, corn distillers' dried grains plus solubles |
MEn = 39.15 × DM - 39.15 × ash - 9.72 × CP - 63.81 × CF |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Yeast, torula |
MEn = 34.06 × CP + 40.82 × EE + 26.91 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Dried roots |
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Sweet potatoes (dried) |
MEn = 8.62 × CP + 50.12 × EE + 37.67 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Tapioca meal (e.g., cassava) |
MEn = 39.14 × DM - 39.14 × ash - 82.78 × CF |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Tapioca meal (e.g., cassava) |
MEn = 4,054 - 43.4 × ash - 103 × CF |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Oilseeds, oilseed meals, and by-products |
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Cottonseed meal, expeller or solvent |
MEn = 21.26 × DM + 47.13 × EE - 30.85 × CF |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Cottonseed products |
MEn = 2,153 - 31.8 × CF + 43.5 × EE |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Peanut meal, expeller or solvent |
MEn = 29.68 × DM + 60.95 × EE - 60.87 × CF |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Peanut products |
MEn = 3,072 - 39.1 × ash - 47.6 × CF + 63.7 × EE |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Rapeseed meal, solvent, high glucose |
MEn = 29.73 × CP + 46.39 × EE + 7.87 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Rapeseed meal, solvent, double zero |
MEn = 32.76 × CP + 64.96 × EE + 13.24 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Soybean meal, expeller |
MEn = 37.5 × CP + 70.52 × EE + 14.9 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Soybean meal, solvent |
MEn = 37.5 × CP + 46.39 × EE + 14.9 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Soybean meal (solvent or expeller process) |
MEn = 2,702 - 57.4 × CF + 72.0 × EE |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Soybeans, heat treated, meal |
MEn = 36.63 × CP + 77.96 × EE + 19.87 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Soybeans, heat treated, pellet |
MEn = 38.79 × CP + 87.24 × EE + 18.22 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Full-fat soybeans (feeds in meal form) |
MEn = 2,769 - 59.1 × CF + 62.1 × EE |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Full-fat soybeans (feeds in pellet form) |
MEn = 2,636 - 55.7 × CF + 82.5 × EE |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Sunflower seeds, unextracted |
MEn = 36.64 × CP + 89.07 × EE + 4.97 × NFE |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Sunflower products |
MEn = 3,999 - 189 × ash - 58.5 × CF + 59.5 × EE |
Janssen et al., 1979 |
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Sunflower, expeller, with hulls |
MEn = 26.7 × DM + 77.2 × EE - 51.22 × CF |
Janssen, 1989 |
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Sunflower, expeller or solvent, decorticated |
MEn = 6.28 × DM - 6.28 × ash + 25.38 × CP 62.62 × EE |
Janssen, 1989 |