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88 Champion A champion is an individual within an organization who occupies a key linking position; has the right interpersonal skills; and is able to promote, advocate, or represent an idea, concept, or cause as it advances toward wider adoption. A champion helps to overcome indifference or resistance to the new idea and may identify resources necessary for a technology transfer and deployment effort. Copyright Copyright is a right established in law that permits a person or group to publish, copy, and distribute certain creations of the human mind including literary works, artistic works, and some digitally produced works. This right may be traded or licensed by the holder of the copyright. Demonstration A demonstration, or demonstration project, is an information exchange mech- anism intended to show, explain, or prove the value of an innovation in a context where that innovation is new or unfamiliar. It allows hands-on experiences for participants who interact with knowledgeable peers and others experienced in the technology application. A demonstration is similar to a showcase. Deployment Deployment of an innovation is the transformation of that innovation from a packaged, limited use to an operational state with broad usage. Deployment may include opening, arranging, installing, testing, or otherwise preparing an innovation for full, intended usage. The result of deployment is that the innovation is ready for implementation. Feasibility The feasibility of an innovation is the probability that it could logically be imple- mented based upon criteria such as its suitability, practicality, cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and durability. Implementation Implementation of an innovation is the complete execution of a plan or process to put that innovation into full effect. The result of implementation is that the innova- tion is fully employed by end users. Innovation An innovation is an object, machine, process, or idea that represents a change from established methods of operation. An innovation may be a renewal or an alteration from the established norm, or may represent something new, but is generally a solution that fulfills a need. Intellectual Property Intellectual property is a creation of the human mind that is new and therefore worthy of protection by law. There are two general categories of intellectual property: industrial and literary/artistic/digital. Industrial property is generally protected by patent law, while literary/artistic/digital property is protected by copyright. Owners of intellectual prop- erty may license the use of their property to others. License A license is a mechanism established in law that gives the owner of intellectual prop- erty the ability to allow the use of that property by others. Glossary
Glossary 89 Need A need is a problem that requires a solution. In the context of this document, a need is a solution that would enable an organization to improve its efficiency, effectiveness, or services to the traveling public. Patent Patent is a right established in law that permits a person or group to manufacture and distribute industrial creations of the human mind. This right may be traded or licensed by the holder of the copyright. Product A product is a tangible or discernible article or substance produced to satisfy a want or need. Research Research is an effort to increase a body of knowledge, or to use the body of knowl- edge to develop new applications. Research is a creative and systematic effort that may use one or more of several research methods, depending upon the category of knowledge desired. Resources A resource is a supply of some available means of support to aid the completion of a project. Resources may include people, materials and equipment, facilities, management or personal influence, knowledge, and funding. The term âresourcesâ as used herein designates tangible and intangible assets used to bridge the gap between identification of a feasible product and its deployment. Showcase A showcase is a setting or occasion in which an idea, process, or object is dis- played, exhibited, or otherwise presented to show its best qualities. A showcase is similar to a demonstration. Stakeholder A stakeholder is a person or group involved in or having an interest in the tech- nology transfer activities of an organization. Stakeholders may be classified as those who are the source of a technology or those who are the recipients of it. The involvement of the stakeholder may include rights, ownership or a share of ownership, or knowledge or understanding of the need for technology. Technical Assistance Technical assistance is an effort by an expert to offer prescriptive solu- tions about a specific issue, such as the installation, operation, or maintenance of an idea, pro- cess, or industrial object or machine. The assistance may include advice, a demonstration, or training, and may be interactive, in person, or use digital technology or social media. Technology Transfer (T2) Technology transfer is how ideas, knowledge, practices, products, processes, or techniques are shared between and within organizations. The act of transfer involves at least two parties, a source and a recipient, and is usually purposeful, initiated by the source, the recipient, mutually by both, or by a third party acting as transfer agent. Trademark Trademark is a right established in law that permits a person or group to pub- lish, copy, and distribute the word, phrase, symbol, or image that differentiates certain indus- trial property from that of others. This right may be traded or licensed by the holder of the trademark.
