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9 C H A P T E R 3 The Manual is to be used in conjunction with CRP-CD-150, which is a Microsoft Access-based collection of practices structured to allow the filtering and retrieval of practices based on the cri- teria applied. This collection includes practices intended to preserve the safety of aircraft, equip- ment, vehicles, and personnel when conducting activities in or near airport movement areas. Specific categories were defined for the practices gathered and to compile and clean the data appropriately. Data compilation was performed to define practices that could be coded to facilitate subsequent analysis and extraction of relevant conclusions/practices. The first step involved categorizing the raw data into practices and non-practices; non-practices were then removed from the dataset. Once the dataset reflected a set of actual practices, the practice descriptions were generalized or globalized to make the practices more broadly applicable to a range of airports. This process often involved defining a general practice based on a specific activity that an airport operator discussed during the interview. Following the generalization or globalization of practices, duplicate practices from a single source (e.g., one airport) were removed or combined, as appropriate. Figure 3-1 illustrates the process used to compile and clean the datasets. The initial primary categories defined for the data included the following: ⢠Practice: This category captured the practices, eliminating non-practice information that, although relevant to the topic, was not a practice that could be implemented by users. ⢠Activities to which the Practice Pertains: This category captured the range of activities that can reliably be expected to occur in AOAs. ⢠Activity Zone to which the Practice Pertains: This category identified zones within the over- all AOA in which practices may vary based on aircraft activity, aircraft speed, and other considerations. ⢠Airfield Conditions to which the Practice Pertains: This category focused on the conditions that can exist on the airfield that can influence the applicability of specific practices. ⢠Risk the Practice Addresses: This category addressed risks to different entities in the AOA that the practices can mitigate. ⢠Responsibility for Conducting or Implementing the Practice: This category encompassed the entities that can have responsibility for implementing specific practices. Once the collected data were compiled and cleaned and an initial categorization was com- pleted, each practice in the dataset was coded within each category to provide a way to filter the practices. The coding used within each primary category is presented in Table 3-1. Manual Structure
10 Best Practices Manual for Working In or Near Airport Movement Areas Raw Data from Interviews and Literature Non-PracticesPractices Categorization of Data Removed from Dataset Practices Developed For Applicability to Wider Range of Airports Duplicate Practices Removed for Individual Source Coding of Remaining Practices Figure 3-1. Dataset compilation and cleaning.
Manual Structure 11 Category to which the Practice Pertains Name Description General General Practice is predicted to have a measure of benefit at airports irrespective of size, type, configuration, location, operational characteristics, or other factors. GA Practical Practice is predicted to have a measure of benefit at GA airports. Towered/Non-towered Practice pertains to a towered airport, a non-towered airport (or towered, but outside of tower operating hours), or both. Practice Policy Practice is defined as a policy (principle or rule to guide decisions and achieve desired results). Some practices are coded as both a policy and a procedure, given the different ways in which the practice can be implemented. Procedure Practice is a particular way or method of accomplishing something, generally via a series of steps. Some practices are coded as both a procedure and a policy, given the different ways in which the practice can be implemented. Physical Airfield Configuration Practice involves recommending a modification to the physical configuration or aspects of the physical configuration of the airfield. The physical configuration includes signage, lighting, and marking. Technology Practice involves recommending a new or improved technology on the airfield. Technology can apply to equipment, vehicles, or other elements on the airfield. Activities Training Practice pertains to training or is a training-related activity. Aircraft Servicing Practice pertains to an activity related to aircraft servicing (e.g., fueling and deicing). Airport Operations Practice pertains to an activity related to airport operations. Airport Maintenance Practice pertains to an activity related to airport maintenance (e.g., snow removal, mowing, light/lamp replacement, and rubber removal). Maintenance activities do not overlap with construction activities. Construction Practice pertains to a construction or construction- related activity. FAA/Government Practice pertains to an FAA or other governmental- related activity. Special Practice pertains to a special activity (e.g., an airshow). Nonspecific Practice is not applicable to an activity or not specific enough to be categorized in any of the codes in this category. Practices recommended for all or nearly all activities that may occur in the airport movement areas are captured through this coding. Table 3-1. Coding of practices. (continued on next page)
12 Best Practices Manual for Working In or Near Airport Movement Areas Category to which the Practice Pertains Name Description Activity Zone Near the Movement Areas Practice pertains to an activity that takes place near the movement areas (e.g., in any nonmovement areas within the AOA) or nonmovement areas that abut the movement areas (e.g., leased apron). Taxiways Practice pertains to an activity that takes place on or in the immediate vicinity of taxiways. Runways Practice pertains to an activity that takes place on or in the immediate vicinity of runways. Airfield Conditions Adverse Weather and Low Visibility Practice addresses adverse weather or low-visibility conditions. Dark/Low Light Practice addresses activities that most typically occur in darkness or low-light conditions. Although such activities are not specifically coded, many activities can occur during nighttime hours (e.g., construction escorting). Construction Practice addresses construction conditions or activities that may be required by construction conditions (e.g., barricaded and lighted work areas). Security Event Practice addresses security events (e.g., an incident response). Other Practice addresses unique conditions taking place on the airfield (e.g., an air show or other special event). Nonspecific Practice is not applicable to an activity or not specific enough to be categorized in any of the codes in this category. Practices recommended to address all or nearly all conditions that may occur in the AOA are captured through this coding. Risk the Practice Addresses Aircraft Practice addresses a risk to an aircraft on or in the vicinity of the airport. Vehicles Practice addresses a risk to a vehicle or equipment that is in the AOA. Pedestrians Practice addresses a risk to pedestrians on or near the movement areas, including maintenance personnel, construction contractor personnel, and others. Party Responsible for Conducting or Implementing the Practice Vehicle Driver Practice would be implemented by a vehicle or equipment driver. Pedestrian Practice would be implemented by a pedestrian, including any person who may have exited a vehicle while in the movement area. Airport Operator Practice would be implemented by the airport operator (through any department, section, or other organizational component). Training Entity Practice would be implemented by the party responsible for airport training, which can include non-airport personnel who may have responsibility for training. Table 3-1. (Continued).
