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Guidebook for Assessing Evolving International Container Chassis Supply Models | NCFRP Report 20 | 71 Glossary of Terms Term Definition and Use Bad-order chassis Defective chassis. Beneficial ca rgo owner (BCO) Importer/consignee/buyer, exporter/shipper/supplier/vendor physically possessing the cargo and not a third party in the movement of such goods. Bill of lading A contractual document between the shipper and carrier detailing th e type, quantity, and destination of goods being carried. The bill of lading always accompanies the shipped goods, no matter the form of transportation. Bobtail A truck tractor with no trailer attached . Carrier haulage Movement of a container between two points under control of the shipping line using a haulage contractor nominated by the shipping line. Carrier (shipping line) accepts claims, liabilities, or damages that arise during the move. Chassis and container repositioning The repositioning of empty containers and chassis, usually as a return move to source/port /o wner or for another cargo move/pickup. Chassis flip The transfer of a container from the chassis it is resting on to another chassis. Chassis pools Clusters of collectively managed, common-use chassis contributed by ocean carriers, third-party leasing companies, marine terminal operators, or rail companies, used by motor carriers in the movement of containers. Domestic container Container moving exclusively between points in North America, with no seaborne travel. Predominantly 53 feet in length. Domestic container chassis Chassis that can accommodate longer (53-foot) domestic containers, and typically can be adjusted in length. Drayage The transport of intermodal containers over short distances by trucks, as part of a much longer overall move. Drayage motor carrier A trucking company that provides short-distance haulage between ports, BCO fa cilities, and ra il ramps or marine terminals. Drop and hook operation When a container and chassis are unhooked from the truck tractor, left at a BCO facility for loading or unloading, and picked up by truck again at a later time or day. Opposite of live-unload operations. Live-load/unload operations When the same truck and driver stays with the ch assis and container until loaded or unloaded and returned to the terminal. Opposite of drop and hook operations. Gross vehicle weight (GVW) Total weight of a vehicle when loaded, including the weight of th e v ehicle, container, trailer, chassis, and cargo (as applicable). Grounded marine terminal A marine terminal in which containers are stacked on the ground rather than pre-loaded on a chassis waiting for disposition. Wheeled terminal Terminals where the majority of containers are stored on chassis, rather than stored on the ground. However, all terminals reserve a share for wheeled operations to handle reefer and hazmat cargo. Intermodal A shipment that moves over more than one transport mode (i.e., marine and truck, marine and rail, rail and truck, etc.).
72 NCFRP Report 20 | Guidebook for Assessing Evolving International Container Chassis Supply Model s | 72 Intermodal equipment provider (IEP) An y e ntity that interchanges intermodal equipmen t w ith a motor carrier pursuant to a w ritten interchange agr eement or has a contractual responsibility for the maintenance of the intermodal equipment. ISO containe r Intermodal container meeting one of five common International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards. International marine ISO contai ners are 20, 40, and 45 feet in length. Domestic ISO containers in U.S. are 48 or 53 feet in length. Independent owner - operator trucking company An independent motor carrier that owns a truck and offers its service to BCOs and larger motor carriers. Merchant haulage Movement of a container between two points directed by the consignee using a nominated haulage contractor. Shipping line accepts no claims or liabilities or damages. Motor carrier Land transport trucking company. Neutral chassis pools Chassis pools whereby chassis are provided and managed by a third party and users are charged a pe r diem rental rate to use them. Rate covers the cost of maintenance and repair, but no t repositioning. Non-vessel operating common carrier (NVOCC) A company that brokers full container and less-than-container ocean transportation without owning vessels by buying space from ocean carriers and selling space to BCOs. Ocean carrier Shipping line carrying cargo across oceans. Oc ean carrier free time Number of days a BCO can keep the container and chassis at its facility before charges start accruing from the ocean carrier. Oc ean container chassis Wheeled frame designed to carry marine containers for the purpose of truck transport between terminals and BCO facilities. Owner-operator drayage model Model whereby drayage firm dispatches, manages, or administers truck drayage activities to and from terminals, primarily by sub-contracting work to individual owner-operator trucking companies. Slider chassis Chassis that can be extended or shortened in length to accommodate different sizes of containe rs or requirements to better distribute weight to meet maximum weight restrictions on roads and bridges. Tare weight Weight of an empty vehicle (truck tare weight) or container (container tare weight). Third-party chassis leasing companies Chassis leasing companies that are not ocean carriers or motor carriers . Third-party logistics (3PL) A third party that contracts for customs brokerage, logistics, warehousing, freight forwarding, haulage, consolidation and deconsolidation or other value-added services on behalf of a BCO. Transshipment Shipment of container/cargo to intermediate destination(s) between origin and final destination. Often involves a change in mode of transport (vessel to truck, truck to rail, etc.), called transloading. Tri-axle chassis Chassis with additional (third) axle, used primarily to distribute weight and maximize co ntainer weight capacity for heavier cargo loads. Triple-net lease Chassis leased to customers who prefer to operate and maintain their own equipment. Customer pays the lease amount, insurance, taxes and maintenance ov er a fixed length of time, usually between 1 and 7 years. Unitary pool concept (U PC) A CCM term referring to a non-ocean carrier chassis contributor to a CCM co-op pool, which ha s a contractual arrangement with pool users. Vessel-sharing agreement (VSA) Agreement between two or more ocean carriers in which a number of container positions are reser ve d on par ticular vessels for each of the participants. Used to create operational efficiencies across carriers.
