Improving ADA Paratransit Demand Estimation: Regional Modeling (2012)

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56 C h a p T e r 4 Personal and Household Characteristics Tables 4-1 through 4-15 below show the personal characteristics of DART and MITS ADA paratransit registrants based on the ADA paratransit travel survey conducted in early 2010. These are weighted tabulations (i.e., corrected for the stratification procedure used in sampling). The sample sizes were 406 for DART and 394 for MITS. Paratransit registrants tend to be women, without a driver’s license, either retired or on dis- ability status of some type, living alone or in a two-person household, and with an annual income of less than $14,000. Notably, 39% have a valid driver’s license and 66% live in a household with at least one licensed driver. Physical impairments are far more common than mental or sensory impairments. Perhaps contrary to expectations, 60% of paratransit registrants are below the age of 65. 60% have been using paratransit for 1 to 5 years. Trip-Making Characteristics Tables 4-16 through 4-31 show the types of trips and modes of travel made by ADA para- transit registrants and rates of travel (by all modes). As before, these are weighted tabulations (i.e., corrected for stratification procedure used in sampling). The samples sizes were 406 for DART and 394 for MITS. The MITS sample includes some respondents who had been certified as eligible in the previous 12 months but had taken no ADA paratransit trips in that time, while the DART sample included only people who had used the ADA paratransit service in the previ- ous 12 months. There are three types of figures: (1) figures showing the percentage of total trips by mode or by purpose; (2) one showing the percentage of respondents who reported various numbers of trips for the two survey days; and (3) figures showing the average (mean) number of trips (by all modes) per person, depending on various characteristics of the person or their household. The tabulations show that ADA paratransit registrants make only 1.4 linked trips per day on average, of which about 40% are taken on ADA paratransit and 35% are taken as an automobile passenger. Younger registrants take more trips than older ones, but even those under the age of 45 take just 2.1 unlinked trips per day on average. Surprisingly, possession of a driver’s license is not linked to higher trip-making rates. Registrants in larger households travel somewhat more than registrants in smaller households and registrants with higher incomes travel more than those with lower incomes. As would be expected, higher rates of travel are also linked to more vehicles in the household, more licensed drivers in the household, and more workers in the household. ADA Paratransit Riders and Travel in Dallas-Ft. Worth

aDa paratransit riders and Travel in Dallas-Ft. Worth 57 Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Gender Male 34.9% 31.5% 33.6% Female 65.1% 68.5% 66.4% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-1. Gender. Table 4-2. Valid driver’s license. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Valid Driver's License YES 34.5% 45.6% 38.8% NO 65.5% 54.4% 61.2% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Employment Status Employed full-time 5.2% 4.9% 5.1% Employed Part-time 4.6% 4.5% 4.5% Not employed 90.2% 90.6% 90.4% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-3. Employment status. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Non-Worker Status Not applicable 9.8% 9.4% 9.6% Retired 24.7% 30.4% 26.9% Disabled / On Disability Status 58.2% 51.7% 55.7% Homemaker .5% .6% .5% Unemployed but looking for work 3.9% 4.1% 4.0% Unemployed and not looking for work 1.3% .4% 1.0% Student .7% 1.1% .8% Other (specify) .9% 2.0% 1.3% REFUSED .1% .0% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-4. Non-worker status. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Student Status Yes - Full-time 3.4% 2.0% 2.9% Yes - Part-time 3.0% 2.6% 2.9% No 93.5% 95.3% 94.2% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-5. Student status. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Level of School Attending Not a student 93.5% 95.3% 94.2% DAYCARE .1% .1% .1% GRADE 9 TO GRADE 12 .2% .1% .2% TECHNICAL/VOCATION SCHOOL 3.8% 1.9% 3.1% 2 YEAR COLLEGE (COMMUNITY COLLEGE) 2.0% .6% 1.4% 4-YEAR COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY .2% 1.9% .8% GRADUATE SCHOOL/PROFESSIONAL .1% .1% .1% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-6. Level of school attended by current students.

58 Improving aDa paratransit Demand estimation: regional Modeling Impairment? Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total PHYSICAL 70.4% 82.9% 75.2% MENTAL 16.2% 18.1% 16.9% SENSORY 25.0% 22.5% 24.0% (Percent with each type of Impairment – (Average 1.2 impairments per respondent) Table 4-7. Type of impairment. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Household Size 1 35.6% 47.9% 40.3% 2 32.7% 28.9% 31.3% 3 18.7% 12.7% 16.4% 4 7.1% 4.8% 6.2% 5 2.5% 3.6% 2.9% 6 1.8% .9% 1.5% 7 1.1% .7% .9% 8 .5% .5% .5% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-8. Household size. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Household Income $0 - $14,999 59.9% 68.8% 63.3% $15,000 - $24,999 16.1% 12.4% 14.7% $25,000 - $34,999 6.5% 7.4% 6.8% $35,000 - $49,999 3.0% 1.2% 2.3% $50,000 - $74,999 2.3% 2.5% 2.4% $75,000 - $99,999 .9% 2.7% 1.6% $100,000 - $149,000 2.6% .9% 2.0% Refused 8.6% 4.1% 6.9% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-9. Household Income. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Household Vehicles 0 47.0% 51.3% 48.7% 1 36.1% 36.0% 36.1% 2 13.1% 8.6% 11.4% 3 3.1% 2.1% 2.7% 4 .1% 1.8% .8% 5 .6% .4% 8 .1% .0% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-10. Household vehicles. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Number of Household Licensed Drivers 0 34.4% 33.0% 33.9% 1 36.9% 40.3% 38.2% 2 23.0% 21.0% 22.3% 3 4.7% 3.0% 4.0% 4 .9% 2.5% 1.5% 5 .2% .1% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-11. Number of household licensed drivers. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Number of Household Members Who Are Workers 0 64.1% 71.5% 66.9% 1 24.6% 18.0% 22.1% 2 8.3% 8.4% 8.3% 3 2.7% 2.0% 2.4% 4 .4% .1% .3% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-12. Number of household members who are workers.

aDa paratransit riders and Travel in Dallas-Ft. Worth 59 Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Age age 16-44 21.7% 16.0% 19.5% age 45-64 39.6% 41.1% 40.2% age 65-79 26.6% 28.0% 27.1% age 80+ 12.2% 14.8% 13.2% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-13. Age. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Years Since Certification Less than 1 18.2% 30.4% 22.8% 1 to 4.9 63.4% 55.2% 60.3% 5 to 9.9 13.4% 10.7% 12.4% 10 or more 5.0% 3.7% 4.5% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-14. Years since certification. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total ADA Paratransit Trips in the Last 12 Months None 18.4% 7.1% 1 - 11 36.3% 25.7% 32.2% 12 - 23 14.9% 16.3% 15.4% 24 - 59 16.7% 14.7% 16.0% 60 - 119 8.8% 8.9% 8.8% 120+ 23.3% 16.0% 20.5% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-15. ADA paratransit trips in the last 12 months. Mode of Trip DART MITS Total Walk 4.1% 5.0% 4.4% Wheelchair/Electric Scooter 5.5% 3.2% 4.6% Automobile / Van/ Truck Driver 3.5% 23.6% 11.0% Automobile / Van / Truck Passenger 38.4% 29.3% 35.0% Transit (DART or the T) 2.7% 1.8% 2.3% DART ADA Paratransit 43.1% .5% 27.2% MITS ADA Paratransit .0% 34.8% 13.0% Other Specialized Transit or Shuttle Service 1.5% 1.1% 1.4% Taxi .6% .5% .6% School Bus .6% .1% .4% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-16. Mode of trip. Purpose DART MITS Total Working At Home .2% .1% All Other At Home Activities 42.2% 41.0% 41.7% Work/Job 4.5% 3.6% 4.2% Other Work/Business Related Activities .0% .1% .1% Attending Class 2.5% .5% 1.8% Other School-Related Activities .0% .0% Change Type of Transportation/Transfer .7% .7% .7% Dropped Off Passenger From Car .1% .0% .1% Other Transportation-Related 1.2% .0% .7% Shopping 11.1% 14.0% 12.2% Other Household Errands 3.6% 4.8% 4.1% Personal Business 3.1% 2.8% 3.0% Eat Meal Outside of Home 4.2% 5.7% 4.8% Dialysis 3.0% 1.6% 2.5% Other Health Care 10.7% 13.9% 11.9% Adult Daycare 1.8% 2.9% 2.2% Civic/Religious Activities 2.1% 1.3% 1.8% Recreation/Entertainment 4.7% 4.4% 4.6% Visit Friends/Relatives 4.0% 1.7% 3.2% Other .2% .7% .4% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-17. Purpose of trip.

60 Improving aDa paratransit Demand estimation: regional Modeling Valid Driver's License Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total YES 1.27 1.55 1.39 NO 1.54 1.24 1.44 Total 1.44 1.38 1.42 Table 4-21. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by whether respondent has a valid driver’s license. Employment Status Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Employed Full-Time 2.57 2.43 2.52 Employed Part-Time 2.49 1.90 2.27 Not Employed 1.33 1.30 1.32 Total 1.44 1.38 1.42 Table 4-22. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by employment status. Student Status Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Yes – Full-Time 2.47 2.95 2.60 Yes – Part-time 2.87 3.79 3.19 No 1.36 1.28 1.33 Total 1.44 1.38 1.42 Table 4-23. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by student status. Table 4-24. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by type of impairment. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Physical Impairment 1.31 1.34 1.32 Mental Impairment 1.93 1.23 1.64 Sensory Impairment 1.53 1.29 1.44 Total 1.44 1.38 1.42 Household Size Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total 1 1.24 1.23 1.24 2 1.48 1.39 1.45 3 1.70 1.72 1.70 4 1.78 1.43 1.67 5 1.56 2.24 1.89 6 1.85 1.06 1.65 7 .00 1.25 .34 8 .50 1.48 .86 Total 1.44 1.38 1.42 Table 4-25. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by household size. Household Income Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total $0 - $14,999 1.47 1.22 1.36 $15,000 - $24,999 1.48 1.53 1.50 $25,000 - $34,999 1.11 2.08 1.51 $35,000 - $49,999 2.08 .90 1.85 $50,000 - $74,999 1.01 1.86 1.36 $75,000 - $99,999 2.82 2.16 2.40 $100,000 - $149,000 3.03 3.74 3.15 Refused .75 1.25 .86 Total 1.44 1.38 1.42 Table 4-26. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by household income. Gender Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Male 1.34 1.34 1.34 Female 1.50 1.40 1.46 Total 1.44 1.38 1.42 Table 4-19. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by gender. Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total age 16-44 2.22 1.83 2.10 age 45-64 1.52 1.31 1.44 age 65-79 .99 1.12 1.04 age 80+ .82 1.61 1.16 1.44 1.38 1.42Total Table 4-20. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by age. Trips DART MITS .00 29.3% 29.9% 1.00 .5% .6% 2.00 26.6% 26.1% 3.00 2.9% 4.9% 4.00 19.2% 16.4% 5.00 7.1% 5.5% 6.00 4.2% 9.9% 7.00 2.8% 1.9% 8.00 2.6% 2.2% 9.00 1.4% .8% 10.00 1.7% 1.7% 11.00 1.5% 12.00 .1% 13.00 .1% 14.00 .1% Total 100.0% 100.0% Table 4-18. Total linked trips by all modes reported in two survey days.

aDa paratransit riders and Travel in Dallas-Ft. Worth 61 Household Vehicles Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total 0 1.27 1.01 1.17 1 1.45 1.71 1.55 2 1.72 2.32 1.89 3 1.98 1.90 1.96 4 2.50 .32 .52 5 5.50 . 5.50 8 . 2.00 2.00 Total 1.44 1.38 1.42 Table 4-27. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by number of household vehicles. Number of Household Licensed Drivers Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total 0 1.34 .95 1.19 1 1.47 1.56 1.50 2 1.44 1.57 1.49 3 2.21 1.70 2.07 4 .59 2.40 1.72 5 . 2.25 2.25 Total 1.44 1.38 1.42 Table 4-28. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by number of household licensed drivers. Years Since Certification Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total Less than 1 1.02 1.33 1.18 1 to 4.9 1.54 1.51 1.53 5 to 9.9 1.39 1.07 1.28 10 or more 1.80 .78 1.48 Total 1.44 1.38 1.42 Table 4-30. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by years since certification. ADA Paratransit Trips in the Last 12 Months Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total .00 Not applicable 1.37 1.37 1 - 11 trips 1.32 1.59 1.41 12 - 23 trips 1.41 .94 1.22 24 - 59 trips 1.15 1.10 1.13 60 - 119 trips 1.48 1.29 1.41 120+ trips 1.85 1.84 1.85 1.44 1.38 1.42Total Table 4-31. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by ADA paratransit trips in the last 12 months. Number of Household Members Who Are Workers Dallas (DART) Ft Worth (MITS) Total 0 1.23 1.23 1.23 1 1.70 1.51 1.64 2 2.25 2.21 2.24 3 1.74 2.22 1.89 4 1.80 2.00 1.83 Total 1.44 1.38 1.42 Table 4-29. Average linked trips per day (all modes) by number of household members who are workers. MITS registrants report taking 23.6% of their trips as a driver, compared to only 3.5% of trips by DART registrants. This seems very high, but is at least somewhat consistent with the fact that many more MITS registrants (45.6%) report having a valid driver’s license than DART registrants (34.5%). MITS registrants are also more likely to report themselves as “retired” rather than “disabled/on disability status,” more likely to live alone, more likely to be in the lowest income group, and more likely to have registered in the past year. A little over half of driver trips were taken by respondents between the ages of 45 and 64 who are infrequent ADA paratransit users (at least one trip in the past 12 months, but fewer than six trips in the past 3 months). The rest were taken by all types of respondents. The many driver trips by MITS respondents are also partly due to the weighting procedure. In the raw survey data, about equal numbers of DART and MITS respondents took trips as a driver, but the MITS respondents took about 3 times as many trips as the DART respondents and also had a larger expansion factor.