Guidebook for Evaluating Terminal Renewal Versus Replacement Options (2012)

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D-1 D.1 Airport Development Planning and Financing 1) ACRP Project 11-03, Synthesis 01, Innovative Finance and Alternative Sources of Revenue for Airports, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2007. This synthesis study is intended to inform airport operators, stakeholders, and policy- makers about alternative financing options and revenue sources currently available or that could be available in the future in the United States. The report provides a brief overview of common capital funding sources used by airport operators, a review of capital financing mechanisms used by airports, descriptions of various revenue sources developed by airport operators, and a review of privatization options available to U.S. airport operators. 2) ACRP Project 11-03, Synthesis 13, Effective Practices for Preparing Airport Improvement Pro- gram Benefit-Cost Analysis, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2009. Airport Improvement Program (AIP) authorizing legislation requires that airports applying for funding of capacity-enhancing projects needing more than $5 million in discretionary funds conduct a benefit-cost analysis (BCA). The objective of this synthesis is to describe successful assessment techniques that can be used by airports in performing BCAs for hard to quantify benefits from projects needing more than $5 million in AIP discretionary funding. 3) ACRP Project 11-03, Synthesis 19, Airport Revenue Diversification, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2010. Airports are increasingly focused on diversifying their revenue streams in response to airline industry consolidation and emphasis on lowering costs. Synthesis 19 provides an overview of how the business model for airports has changed, and how alternative revenue development fits within the airport planning process and reviews various strategies that airports employ to leverage their resources. 4) ACRP Report 16, Guidebook for Managing Small Airports, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2009. ACRP Report 16 provides comprehensive advice on resources and techniques that can be applied to meet responsibilities that operators and managers of small airports have includ- ing: financial management, oversight of contracts and leases, safety and security, noise con- trol, community relations, compliance with federal grant conditions, facility maintenance, and capital improvements. 5) ACRP Report 20, Strategic Planning in the Airport Industry, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2009. ACRP Report 20 is a guidebook for airport managers and policymakers using strategic planning to guide their decision-making process. The report links business concerns of managing an airport with other planning efforts, such as those conducted as part of a master planning process. The guidebook includes proven traditional techniques and tools that have A p p e n d i x d Relevant ACRP Studies and Other Publications

D-2 Guidebook for evaluating Terminal Renewal Versus Replacement Options been effectively applied by some airport executives, as well as innovative practices that are emerging in the airport and other industries. 6) ACRP Report 26, Guidebook for Conducting Airport User Surveys, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2009. ACRP Report 26 explores the basic concepts of survey sampling and the steps involved in planning and implementing a survey. The guidebook also examines the different types of airport user surveys and includes guidance on how to design a survey and analyze its results. 7) ACRP Report 36, Airport/Airline Agreements—Practices and Characteristics. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2010. ACRP Report 36 provides a tool to assist both airport operators and airlines during busi- ness arrangement negotiations by describing the range of business relationships between airports and airlines (including the underlying rates and charges methodologies), present- ing a general negotiation process and schedule, identifying key information for a negotia- tion, identifying the various issues that typically surface, describing the various alternatives for resolving potential conflicts and issues, and identifying the linkages among these various critical issues. 8) ACRP Report 42, Sustainable Airport Construction Practices, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2011. ACRP Report 42 explores a set of best practices, methods, procedures, and materials that if implemented during construction may have a sustainable and positive economic, operational, environmental, or social effect. The report includes the collection of sustainable airport construction practices in a searchable, filterable spreadsheet format on CRP-CD-88, which is packaged with the report. 9) ACRP Report 43, Guidebook of Practices for Improving Environmental Performance at Small Airports, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2011. ACRP Report 43 outlines federal environmental regulations and requirements and identifies activities in which airport operators can be proactive in promoting environ- mental stewardship. As a quick reference, summary graphics provide information per- taining to the cost and savings as well as the necessary knowledge and amount of time needed to implement a particular activity. In addition, there are five case studies that discuss environmental initiatives already undertaken at airports that can serve as a guide for other airports. 10) ACRP Report 49, Collaborative Airport Capital Planning Handbook, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2011. ACRP Report 49 provides guidance to those in the airport community who have respon- sibility for, and a stake in, developing, financing, managing, and overseeing an airport capi- tal plan and the individual projects included in it. The handbook provides guidance on appropriate performers for each task in the collaborative planning process, and defines and describes the different ways to communicate to help ensure effective exchanges between internal and external stakeholders. 11) ACRP Project 11-03, Synthesis 21, Airport Energy Efficiency and Cost Reduction, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2010. ACRP Synthesis 21 explores energy efficiency improvements being implemented at airports across the country that are low cost and short payback. 12) ACRP Project 11-03, Synthesis 27, Airport Self-Inspection Practices, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2011.

Relevant ACRp Studies and Other publications D-3 ACRP Synthesis 27 provides insight into common airport self-inspection practices. A comprehensive self-inspection program includes the components of training; inspecting; reporting discrepancies and findings; follow-up, resolution, and close-out; and quality con- trol. The report may be useful to airports in benchmarking their self-inspection programs to peer airports and practices considered successful by regional U.S. Federal Aviation Admin- istration personnel. 13) Airports Council International (ACI), Policies and Recommended Practices Handbook 2009, Airport Council International, Geneva, Switzerland, November 2009. This handbook contains the current policies of the organization for use by the staff of ACI World and the regional offices and by ACI representatives at international meetings. 14) Federal Aviation Administration, Airport Business Practices and Their Impact on Airline Com- petition, United States Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., October 1999. This order provides guidance and procedures to be used by FAA personnel in the admin- istration of the Passenger Facility Charge (PFC) Program. The guidance and procedures reflect established FAA practices that have successfully met the statutory and regulatory requirements of the PFC Program. The guidance and procedures are current as of the date of issuance of this order and incorporate all changes to the PFC Program introduced by the Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century (AIR 21), as well as prior legislation. 15) Federal Aviation Administration, Airport Capital Improvement Plan, United States Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., August 22, 2000. This order prescribes the development of the national Airports Capital Improvement Plan (ACIP). The ACIP serves as the primary planning tool for systematically identifying, prioritizing, and assigning funds to critical airport development and associated capital needs for the national airspace system (NAS). The ACIP also serves as the basis for the distribution of grant funds under the AIP. 16) Federal Aviation Administration, Airport Improvement Program Handbook, United States Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., June 28, 2005. This order provides guidance and sets forth policy and procedures to be used in the administration of the AIP. Several FAA orders and advisory circulars are referred to in this directive. The references appear as the basic publication number without any suffix. How- ever, the latest issuance of the publication should be used as the reference. 17) Federal Aviation Administration, Land Acquisition and Relocation Assistance for Airport Projects, United States Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., August 1, 2005. This order provides guidelines and identifies responsibilities for FAA acceptance and mon- itoring of airport-sponsor compliance with provisions of the Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act (Uniform Act) (42 USC 4601 et seq.), as amended, on airport projects receiving federal financial assistance. This order incorporates all appli- cable requirements as provided in the Uniform Act implementing regulation 49 CFR Part 24, Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition for Federal and Federally Assisted Programs (Federal Register 70, No. 590, January 4, 2005, and as may be amended). 18) Federal Aviation Administration, National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Implementing Instructions for Airport Projects, United States Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., April 28, 2006. This order provides information to FAA Office of Airports personnel and others inter- ested in fulfilling NEPA requirements for airport actions under the FAA’s authority. This order is part of FAA’s effort to ensure its personnel have clear instructions to address poten- tial environmental effects resulting from major airport actions. In preparing FAA Order

D-4 Guidebook for evaluating Terminal Renewal Versus Replacement Options 5050.4B, the Office of Airports has made it consistent with FAA Order 1050.1E.2. Informa- tion on federal environmental laws other than NEPA appears in another document titled An Environmental Desk Reference for Airport Actions. The Office of Airports will publish notices in the Federal Register announcing the Desk Reference’s availability. 19) Federal Aviation Administration, Passenger Facility Charge, United States Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., August 9, 2001. This order provides guidance and procedures to be used by FAA personnel in the admin- istration of the PFC Program. The guidance and procedures reflect established FAA practices that have successfully met the statutory and regulatory requirements of the PFC Program. The guidance and procedures are current as of the date of issuance of this order and incor- porate all changes to the PFC Program introduced by the Wendell H. Ford Aviation Invest- ment and Reform Act for the 21st Century (AIR 21), as well as prior legislation. 20) Fitch Ratings, Airports Rating Criteria Handbook for General Revenue, Passenger Facility Charge, and Letter of Intent Bonds, New York, N.Y., March 12, 2007. Fitch Ratings published methodology of how it reviews the economic, market, financial, and other factors in determining a rating for various types of airport related debt. 21) International Air Transport Association (IATA), Airport Development Reference Manual, Ninth edition, January 2004. The Airport Development Reference Manual (ADRM) represents a consolidation of best industry practice with respect to the development of world-class airports through better design. Its content reflects the recommendations of IATA experts in all areas of airport planning, development, financing and operation, as well as input from world-renowned industry specialists and organizations keen to promote the development of world-class air- port facilities. 22) Roper, Kathy O., “A White Paper on Strategic Facility Planning,” International Facility Man- agement Association, Houston, TX, 2009. Strategic facility planning (SFP) is a process that can lead to better, more proactive deliv- ery of services from a facility management organization to its stakeholders. The time taken to carry out SFP is well spent in that it helps to avoid mistakes, delays, disappointments, and customer dissatisfaction. It can actually allow facility plan implementations to run more quickly and smoothly. This white paper provides information on the SFP process, its requirements and benefits, and gives a facility manager the basic tools to launch and success- fully complete SFP for the supported organization. Definitions are provided in an appendix to help clarify terms quickly or for reference. A process model is also provided to support visual thinkers and learners. D.2 Terminal Building and Systems Design 1) Airports Council International, Guidance Manual: Airport Greenhouse Gas Emissions Manage- ment, ACI World Environment Standing Committee, 1st Edition, November 2009. This document speaks to airports about the things they can do to manage and reduce emis- sions. There are arguments for changing infrastructure out and while there is a cost, there is also a cost savings such as the installation of LED lights and variable speed ventilation fans literally paying for themselves over time. There are the regulatory drivers that may vary from state to state although the US Environmental Protection Agency is requiring mandatory reporting for large GHG emissions sources, which airports would classify as. There is mention of a corporate responsibility airports may feel as being a good neighbor to the community. 2) Airports Council International, Policies and Recommended Practices Handbook, Seventh Edi- tion, November 2009.

Relevant ACRp Studies and Other publications D-5 Section 6.2 titled Emissions and Local Air Quality addresses best practices airports could follow in order to lessen their impact on the environment. Subsection 6.2.10 addresses best practices to be considered for airport infrastructure, suggesting that stationary sources can emit a significant amount of pollutants. Section 6.3 discusses greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. In subsection 6.3.1, airport utility plants are mentioned as an infrastructure area for upgrades to lessen impact. The main focus of this chapter is actually determining emissions and pollutant types by measuring. Oftentimes, aircraft are considered the larger outpourer of pollutants but airport infrastructure needs to be recognized as well. Subsec- tion 6.3.7 speaks to recommendation for new buildings to employ best practice energy effi- ciency and GHG technology, and that existing buildings be reviewed to ascertain areas of deficiencies. Section 6.4 speaks to the sustainability of the airports infrastructure. 3) ACRP Report 10, Innovations for Airport Terminal Facilities, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2008. ACRP Report 10 discusses the recent worldwide developments in landside facilities design and discusses future trends and innovative passenger service/processing concepts. Discus- sions focus on innovative approaches that improve the experience of passengers between the airport entrance and the secure portions of the passenger terminal, particularly as it relates to needs of an aging population. The innovations and concepts developed as part of this research effort were focused on those that could be implemented within the next 5 to 10 years at large- and medium-hub airports. 4) ACRP Research Results Digest 2, Model for Improving Energy Use in U.S. Airport Facilities, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2007. Research Results Digest 2 presents data on U.S. airports’ utilization of 11 major energy management practices, offers a set of best practices for reducing energy use, and summarizes three case studies of recent recommissioning projects that resulted in significant reductions in energy use. Among the various comparative tables are potential energy indices for utility and energy costs on the basis of square foot, and in terms of enplanements. 5) ACRP Project 11-03, Synthesis 10, Airport Sustainability Practices, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2008. This synthesis study informs airport operators, stakeholders, and policy makers about a range of airport sustainability practices gathered from a literature review and web-based survey. It specifically targets airport operators and provides a snapshot of airport sustain- ability practices across the triple bottom line of environmental, economic, and social issues. 6) ACRP Project 11-03, Synthesis 21, Airport Energy Efficiency and Cost Reduction, Transporta- tion Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2010. Synthesis 21 documents energy efficiency improvements being implemented at airports across the country that are low cost and short payback by means of a survey, interviews, and a literature review. It targets terminal managers of small airports, staff, consultants, and other stakeholders interested in energy efficiency. 7) ACRP Project A11-03, Synthesis 20, Airport Terminal Facility Activation Techniques, Trans- portation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2010. This synthesis study is intended to inform airport terminal operators and those involved in the facility activation process about lessons learned during recent airport facilities open- ings so that effective airport terminal facility activation practices can be identified and shared across the industry. Information was largely gathered from individuals involved with one or more terminal activations at 14 domestic and international airports. 8) ACRP Report 25, Airport Passenger Terminal Planning and Design, Volume I: Guidebook, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2010.

D-6 Guidebook for evaluating Terminal Renewal Versus Replacement Options ACRP Report 25 provides guidance in planning and developing airport passenger termi- nals and assists users in analyzing common issues related to airport terminal planning and design. The guidebook addresses the airside, terminal building, and landside components of the terminal complex; describes the passenger terminal planning process and the impor- tant criteria and requirements needed to address emerging trends and create solutions for airport passenger terminals. 9) ACRP Report 30, Reference Guide on Understanding Common Use at Airports, Transporta- tion Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2010. Common Use is a facility allocation and management approach intended to maximize airport facility access and allocation through non-dedicated resources. ACRP 30 provides a guidebook for airport operators, airlines, and other entities interested in considering com- mon use initiatives. The Reference Guide considers common use as more than simply tech- nology and includes analysis and review of all areas and functions within an airport that might be affected by a non-dedicated shared-use facility. This Guide identifies common use issues and opportunities and provides guidance for decision-making efforts, recognizing that there are a multitude of common use approaches and variables. 10) ACRP Report 40, Airport Curbside and Terminal Area Roadway Operations, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2010. ACRP Report 40 includes guidance on a cohesive approach to analyzing traffic opera- tions on airport curbside and terminal area roadways. The report examines operational per- formance measures for airport curbside and terminal area roadway operations and reviews methods of estimating those performance measures. The report includes a quick analysis tool for curbside operations and low-speed roadway weaving areas, highlights techniques for estimating traffic volumes, and presents common ways of addressing operational problems. 11) ACRP Report 52, Wayfinding and Signing Guidelines for Airport Terminals and Landside, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2011 ACRP Report 52 is designed to provide airports with the tools necessary to help passen- gers find their way in and around the airport. The guidelines focus on four areas of the air- port: (1) roadways—both on-airport, and off-airport access roads; (2) parking; (3) curbside and ground transportation; and (4) terminal. In addition, the guidelines discuss developing a wayfinding strategy; the use of technology and visual displays; and color, fonts, and sizes. 12) ACRP Project 11-03, Synthesis 8, Common Use Facilities and Equipment at Airports, Trans- portation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2008 This synthesis explores common use technology that enables an airport operator to take space that has previously been exclusive to a single airline and make it available for use by multiple airlines and their passengers. 13) Clean Airport Partnership, 10 Airport Survey—Energy Use, Policies, and Programs for Termi- nal Buildings, A Report to the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, May 16, 2003. This survey of ten airports provides information on the policies and programs that these airports have developed to monitor and maximize energy efficiency; information allow- ing comparisons for energy use on a square-foot basis between the various airports and at buildings within the same airport. Interestingly, while surveys document that investments in building efficiency can yield significant rewards, it provides evidence that new terminal construction may not in many cases be more energy efficient than older facilities, largely due to the more dramatic nature of new terminal construction. 14) Federal Aviation Administration, Airport Design, Advisory Circular 150/5300-13 (and Change 11), United States Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., August 9, 2001.

Relevant ACRp Studies and Other publications D-7 This Advisory Circular presents guidance material for the planning and design of airport terminal buildings and related access facilities. It includes material and nomographs that provide general guidelines and approximations for determining space and terminal facil- ity requirements for planning purposes. AC l-50/5360-9, Planning and Design of Airport Terminal Building Facilities at Nonhub Locations, contains guidance material for use in planning terminal facilities at low-activity airports. It may be used in lieu of or in conjunc- tion with AC 150/5300-13. 15) Federal Aviation Administration, Airport Master Plans, AC 150/5070-6B, United States Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., August 9, 2001. This Advisory Circular provides guidance for the preparation of Master Plans for airports that range in size and function from small, general aviation to large, commercial service facilities. The intent of this AC is to foster a flexible approach to master planning that directs attention and resources to critical issues. 16) Kampschroer, Kevin, Federal Green Buildings Statement, US General Services Administration (GSA), July 21, 2010. The Office of Federal High Performance Green Buildings (OFHPGB) was created by Congress to enhance federal leadership in the field of large-scale sustainable real property portfolio management and operations. This statement provides an informational overview into the resources available from OFHPGB for green facility planning and justification. The statement includes not only cost savings for the building operation itself but also the reduc- tion of carbon footprints, reduction in worldwide energy consumption, and providing a healthier interior workplace for employees. 17) Transportation Security Administration, Recommended Security Guidelines for Airport Planning, Design and Construction, Department of Homeland Security, Washington, D.C., June 15, 2006. This document presents recommendations for incorporating sound security consider- ations into the planning, design, construction, and modification of security-related airport facilities and airport terminal buildings. It consolidates information developed through the participation of the Transportation Security Administration and other government and aviation industry professionals. 18) SITA, Baggage Report 2010. Since 2005, SITA has produced an annual baggage report, which is designed to offer all air transport industry stakeholders the latest facts, figures, and trends related to global baggage processing and management. 19) U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), Airport Technical Design Standards for Passenger Processing Facilities, Department of Homeland Security, Washington, D.C., August, 2006. This publication is to serve as the primary reference document for Airport Authorities, architect/engineering consultants, airport owners/operators and all CBP personnel involved with the planning, design, renovation, and development of CBP passenger processing facili- ties at airports. It integrates federal inspection elements, establishes unified primary inspec- tions, along with specialized secondary inspections. D.3 Benefit-Cost Analyses 1) Abate, Douglas, Towers, Michael, Dotz, Richard, Romani, Luca, Luftkin, Peter, S., “The Whitestone Facilities Maintenance and Repair Cost Reference,” Whitestone Research, pub- lished annually. This publication is a comprehensive source of building maintenance & repair (M&R) cost statistics. It provides a collection of unique tools for answering simple but important questions.

D-8 Guidebook for evaluating Terminal Renewal Versus Replacement Options The information is organized by both building type and by components like exterior enclosure, roofing, HVAC, etc. This publication can provide the M&R information that is required when performing the Life-Cycle Cost Analysis. 2) Bernhardt, Eric, Ballard, Spencer, Richardson, Nora. “Capital Investment Decision-Making in a Slow Growth Environment,” LeighFisher Consultants, November, 2009. This article contains information on the methods and process of evaluation and justifica- tion of capital investments for airport terminal rehabilitation or replacement. It explains how the standard analyses have been primarily based on future demand compared to cur- rent capacity. Now, with the slower growth in demand, the evaluation should include cost benefit analyses of replacing older systems or entire facilities with ones that are more effi- cient and sustainable. This article can provide good insight into how the evaluation process has changed and what factors should have an impact on the decision to renovate or replace an existing terminal. 3) Dell’Isola, Alphonse, Kirk, Stephen, Life-Cycle Costing for Facilities, Reed Construction Data, 2003. This book is both a tutorial manual that explains how to perform Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA), and a reference manual with data on many of the building systems and compo- nents. The tutorial chapters provide an easy to follow step-by-step explanation of the entire LCCA process including complex LCC analyses. The reference data includes information on annual maintenance, energy demand, and replacement life. Also included in this publica- tion are LCCA Case Studies for various types of facilities and building systems, and forms that can be helpful in preparing the LCCA. 4) Federal Aviation Administration, Benefit Cost Analysis on Airport Capacity Projects for FAA Decisions on Airport Improvement Program (AIP) Discretionary Grants and Letters of Intent (LOI), United States Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C., December 15, 1999. The policy for AIP grants, issued on June 24, 1997, was that, for all capacity projects for which an airport sponsor seeks $5 million or more in AIP discretionary funds, commencing in Fiscal Year 1998, a completed BCA must accompany the grant application. The policy for LOIs was that a BCA must be completed for any request for a LOI to be issued in Fiscal Year 1997 and thereafter. The BCA policy covers those projects that will upgrade airport facilities to meet higher design standards and that will allow new classes or aircraft to use the airport. The BCA policy is not applicable to those projects undertaken solely for the objective of safety, security, conformance with FAA standards, or environmental mitigation. 5) Fuller, Sieglinde, K., Petersen, Stephen, R., Life-Cycle Costing Manual, Federal Energy Man- agement Program (FEMP), 1996. This handbook is a guide to understanding how to perform an LCCA of investments in projects for federal buildings and facilities. This publication was originally aimed at sup- porting the FEMP LCC methods but has evolved into being one of the leading guides for conducting LCC analyses of buildings and building systems by both government agencies and the private sector. It is an excellent source for understanding the process and provides references to other publications and software. In addition to the manual, a supplement to Handbook 135, “Energy Price Indices and Discount Factors for LCC Analysis” is published annually by NIST to provide updated information. 6) Horvath, James, L., Strychaz, Stan, Haigh, Ian, Kimmel, Matt, Commercial Square Foot Building Costs, Saylor Publications, Inc., published annually. This manual was designed to provide building cost data that can be used for preliminary planning and “ballpark” estimating. The manual is recognized as an industry standard by contractors, architects, lenders, planners, and appraisers. It is published annually and there- fore costs are based on current construction costs. The manual includes 65 building types,

Relevant ACRp Studies and Other publications D-9 including an airport terminal, and contains additional cost information on the various por- tions of the building and systems that are typically associated with terminals. This publica- tion can provide cost information for both major renovations and terminal replacements. 7) Rohm, Howard, “A Balancing Act,” Performance Magazine, Volume 2, Issue 2, The Balanced Scorecard Institute. The Balanced Scorecard is a Performance Management system that can be used in any size organization to align vision and mission with customer requirements and day-to-day work, manage and evaluate business strategy, monitor operation efficiency improvements, build organization capacity, and communicate progress to all employees. 8) Transportation Security Administration, Planning Guidelines and Design Standards for Checked Baggage Inspection Systems, Department of Homeland Security, Washington, D.C., January 20, 2009. This publication is fundamentally a planning guideline with TSA design standards for airport checked baggage inspection systems. It contains extensive information on the types of baggage handling systems along with cost and useful life expectancy of the equipment. Chapter 9 has the guidelines for calculating life-cycle costs for alternatives and includes average cost of the equipment. Chapter 5 contains information on the different types of systems and EDS machines. This publication can provide life-cycle expectancy and cost information for both major renovations and terminal replacements. D.4 Building and Facility Management 1) APPA, Federal Facilities Council, Holder Construction, IFMA, NASFA, “A Framework for Facilities Lifecycle Cost Management—Framework, Glossary & Definitions.” To help foster effective communication among public- and private-sector organizations with interests in infrastructure and real property, a charter, inter-association working group was formed. This report sets forth a guide for consistent use of appropriate terminology in order to enable effective communication among the various decision makers, building managers, operators, and technicians involved with facilities and physical infrastructure investment and management. 2) Berger, David, “Ten Pitfalls to Avoid When Selecting a CMMS/EAM,” Western Management Consultants, 2009. This is a white paper to help guide facility managers in selecting software tools to help with Computerized Maintenance Management Systems/Enterprise Asset Management. 3) Motamedi, Ali and Hammad, Amin, “Lifecycle Management of Facilities Components Using Radio Frequency Identification And Building Information Model,” IT Con, Journal of Infor- mation Technology in Construction—ISSN 1874-4753, June 2009. The article discusses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags in an expanded and more integrated way for whole building life-cycle management. The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) is standardizing interoperability as standard Building Information Model- ing (BIM). Completion of the IFC model has now led to a collaboration between National Building Information Model Standard (NBIM) and the Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBIE) with a vision for “an improved planning, design, construc- tion, operation, and maintenance process using a standardized machine-readable informa- tion model for each facility, new or old, which contains all appropriate information created or gathered about that facility in a format useable by all throughout its lifecycle.” The result is either existing or new facilities have life-cycle information recorded, tracked, and inte- grated for best business practice decisions on when a facility and/or components of the facility need to be rehabilitated or replaced.

D-10 Guidebook for evaluating Terminal Renewal Versus Replacement Options 4) The Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG), www.wbdg.org. The WBDG, a program of the National Institute of Building Sciences, is a web-based portal providing government and industry practitioners with one-stop access to up-to- date information on a wide range of building-related guidance, criteria, and technology from a “whole buildings” perspective. Currently organized into three major categories— Design Guidance, Project Management, and Operations & Maintenance—at the heart of the WBDG are Resource Pages, reductive summaries on particular topics. 5) Williams, E., Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie), Whole Building Design Guide, October 4, 2010. COBie is a component of the Building Management Modeling (BIM) process. This document provides an overview of what COBie produces from an asset/facility management approach during the early stages of a buildings development. It discusses assets broken down as not just generators and HVAC systems but includes floors and walls, the structure itself to be considered an asset to be tracked and managed. The explanation is carried through form design data gather- ing to construction data input. The author offers various solutions given the individuality of each project and the availability of integrated software programs. 6) Young, John, Convergence Yields Smarter Facilities: Practical Applications for Building Plan- ners and Operators, Journal of Building Information Modeling, Fall 2010. The author speaks about facility managers’ pressures to make their buildings “smarter.” Operating and maintaining buildings for longer periods of time requires retrofitting exist- ing buildings or designing and constructing new buildings to be sustainable for optimal occupancy and use and why GIS operability with BIM can help support the facility manager goals. The article discusses proximity analysis and why it is important to planners and for green building analysis. The integration of BIM and GIS creates a smarter facility and by better managing assets produces an eventual positive return on investment. D.5 Building and Facility Management Software/Tools 1) AssetWorks, “AssetMAXX,” http://www.assetworks.com. AssetMAXX is a web-based solution to asset management, allowing users to securely maintain, collect, and retrieve data. It is reported to be the most comprehensive and flex- ible asset management tool available in the capital asset and real property tracking industry. This system appears to be more for tracking property assets and insurance. It supports maintenance repairs and history tacking. No printable brochure was available, but demos are available on line. This does not seem to be specifically applicable to airports. Many other facilities are mentioned but they do not parallel airport facility management. 2) Cityworks, “Cityworks,” http://www.cityworks.com. Cityworks provides a comprehensive set of solution software for asset and work manage- ment along with add-on products that extend the user’s capabilities to conduct day-to-day business. This software appears to offer solutions that are GIS based for handling asset- management, permitting and licensing for city management. This does not appear compat- ible with airport management. 3) IBM, “Maximo v7.1,” http://www-01.ibm.com/software/tivoli/products/maximo-asset-mgmt. This software provides asset lifecycle and maintenance management for all asset types on a single platform. It is used to help maximize the value of critical business and IT assets over their lifecycles by enforcing best practices that yield benefits for all types of assets, including transportation, production, delivery, facilities, communications and IT. Maximo is one of the most common systems in use at airports for computerized maintenance management. It is a tried and tested software solution. It can also be very costly. If an airport wants the Asset

Relevant ACRp Studies and Other publications D-11 Management feature they must first invest in the Maximo v7.1. If the investment is made this is a vast tool for airport management, including tracking, trending, resource manage- ment, maintenance, lifecycle costs, KPIs and reports. It is a very high-level solution but will be a large investment just for base licensing. 4) Infor EAM, “Enterprise Asset Management,” http://www.datastream.net. Infor provides business-specific software to enterprising organizations, such as airports. With experience built-in, solutions assist organizations of all sizes in being more enterprising and adapting to rapid changes in the marketplace. The Enterprise Asset Management system offers solutions for maintenance, including scheduling preventive maintenance and assign- ing resources where they’ll do the most good. It organizes where and why capital assets might fail, and plans for alternatives. It offers the ability to predict equipment problems so they can be prevented from happening. The system helps with inventory/warranty by reducing inven- tory and purchasing costs, and collects on warranty-related claims. There is no printable brochure but demos and other information are available at the website. Most of the elements of this software seem geared toward manufacturing agencies and not airport facilities. 5) JD Edwards “EnterpriseOne,” http://www.oracle.com/us/products/applications/jd-edwards- enterpriseone/asset-lifecycle-management/index.html. This is an Oracle licensed technology solution. EnterpriseOne offers a suite of products including asset management, and life-cycle cost. The suites interact into each business sec- tor of the organization’s environment from finance and human resources to computer- ized maintenance management systems and day-to-day operations. Airports have used this system and with adequate training may utilize all that this robust system can offer. It is an expensive license to invest in but ties nearly all business sectors into one system. 6) VFA Inc. “VFA.facility,” http://www.vfa.com/products-services/software-solutions/vfa- facility/vfa-facility-key-features. This software has assisted organizations in managing information regarding facility assets and leveraging that information to create capital projects, plans, and budgets. The key fea- tures include centralized information about facility assets, supporting the collection and management of a wide range of asset information, such as location, structure, type, uses, conditions, requirements and their associated costs, and related projects and plans. This software offers a number of useful tools and does seem to be compatible for an air- port environment and is also compatible with MAXIMO CMMS. 7) WebTMA, “Maintenance Management Software Solutions,” http://tmasystems.com/tma_ products.asp. This is a scalable, web-based solution that uses Microsoft .NET technology. It allows users to access the software via any standard web browser. Base module offers the functionality to manage work orders and preventive maintenance. Software also features project manage- ment, time manager, materials management, and contractor management modules. This company offers both desktop and web-based solutions. They appear to have clients in the aviation industry. The software seems to be a robust CMMS system with many tools for asset management.

Abbreviations and acronyms used without definitions in TRB publications: AAAE American Association of Airport Executives AASHO American Association of State Highway Officials AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ACI–NA Airports Council International–North America ACRP Airport Cooperative Research Program ADA Americans with Disabilities Act APTA American Public Transportation Association ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ATA American Trucking Associations CTAA Community Transportation Association of America CTBSSP Commercial Truck and Bus Safety Synthesis Program DHS Department of Homeland Security DOE Department of Energy EPA Environmental Protection Agency FAA Federal Aviation Administration FHWA Federal Highway Administration FMCSA Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration FRA Federal Railroad Administration FTA Federal Transit Administration HMCRP Hazardous Materials Cooperative Research Program IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ISTEA Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 ITE Institute of Transportation Engineers NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASAO National Association of State Aviation Officials NCFRP National Cooperative Freight Research Program NCHRP National Cooperative Highway Research Program NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration NTSB National Transportation Safety Board PHMSA Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration RITA Research and Innovative Technology Administration SAE Society of Automotive Engineers SAFETEA-LU Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (2005) TCRP Transit Cooperative Research Program TEA-21 Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (1998) TRB Transportation Research Board TSA Transportation Security Administration U.S.DOT United States Department of Transportation