Multi-State Freight Transportation Organizations (2001)

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Multi-State Freight Transportation Organizations 2-1 2.0 Identifying Key Characteristics of Existing Multi-State Organizations 2.1 IDENTIFICATION AND REVIEW OF EXISTING ORGANIZATIONS Sixty-five existing organizations were identified and reviewed to assess their potential as models for future multi-state freight organizations. The organizations included all those identified in NCFRP Report 2 and others identified through literature reviews, Internet searches, and conversations with knowledgeable public and private sector officials. The inventory and review focused on existing transportation organizations, but also included non- transportation organizations that have roles and responsibilities generally comparable with those of transportation organizations. Basic information about the organizations was collected and used to categorize them by type of institution and by function as shown in Table 2.1. The categories for types of institutions were: • Public Agencies, which were further sorted into national, multi-state, state, and regional/local. The types of public agencies included: – Federal Agency – Federal Project Office – Federal Commission – Federal Corporation – Interstate Compact – Voluntary Coalition – State Agency – Special District or Authority – Metropolitan Planning Organization – Joint Service Agreement • Public Benefit Corporations, which were subdivided into public corporations and nonprofit corporations; and • Private Corporations, which were differentiated as publicly held companies or privately held companies. (it was determined that private corporations could not effectively serve the functions anticipated of a multi-state freight organization focused primarily on public sector highway systems, so they were not identified and analyzed as a potential model. The row is retained in the table for reference.) The categories for functions were: • Policy and/or Advocacy – Responsibility for researching, developing, and/or establishing policy;

Multi-State Freight Transportation Organizations 2-2 • Planning – Responsibility for planning, especially for long-range (i.e., more than five years) planning of capital improvements and operations; • Capital Improvements – Responsibility for developing, programming, funding and implementing capital improvements; • Operations – Responsibility for developing, deploying, and managing operations, including maintenance of capital facilities; • Regulation/Safety – Responsibility for promulgating and enforcing regulations (but not legislating or adjudicating regulations); and • Research/Education – Responsibility for research and information-sharing. In the table, primary functions are identified by normal font and secondary functions identified by italicized font. The 65 organizations are a broad sample of multi-state organizations, but they are neither an exhaustive listing nor necessarily a balanced listing of such organizations. Even so, several patterns are apparent. Most of the organizations that have the capability to cover all or nearly all functions desired in a multi-state freight organization are federal or state organizations. The only state-level organizations that carry out planning, capital improvements, and operations are organizations set up under congressionally approved interstate compacts, typically involving only two states. MPOs, which are multi-jurisdiction organizations, are responsible for planning and programming of capital improvements within state, but do not have responsibility for implementation of capital or operations programs. Multi-state MPOs also function with Congressional consent. There are several examples of not-for-profit corporations that operate across state lines, but their roles and responsibilities are very narrowly defined and targeted to specific services. 2.2 POTENTIAL MODELS The findings from NCFRP Report 2, discussions conducted in the course of the present study, and the review of additional existing multi-state institutions suggest that one or more of three models might support multi-state freight organizations: • Multi-state freight organizations organized and incentivized pursuant to federal grant conditions administered by a federal project office; • Multi-state freight organizations created through interstate compacts; and • Multi-state freight organizations enabled as federally chartered corporations. The next section examines the legal and financial issues involved in employing each of these models. The legal review considers whether multi-state freight organizations could be created under current law or would require new or modified statutes.

Multi-State Freight Transportation Organizations 2-3 Table 2.1 Classification of Organizations (see list of Acronyms below) Type of Institution Function Policy Planning Capital Improvements Operations Regulation/ Safety Research/ Education Pu bl ic Ag en cy National Federal Agency Federal Project Office USDOT FHWA/HOFM STB USDOT FHWA/HOFM USDOT (discretionary grants) FHWA (discretionary grants) FHWA/HOFM FMCSA (CVISN) EPA CBPO FHWA/HOFM Federal Commission ApRC (ADHS) ApRC (ADHS) ApRC (ADHS) Federal Corporation (GSEs) MWAA NRPC (Amtrak) TVA USPS MWAA NRPC (Amtrak) TVA USPS MWAA NRPC (Amtrak) TVA USPS TRB Multi-State Interstate Compact ASMFC GLC MIPRC PANYNJ SRBC SSEB ASMFC ICPRB IMCC IOGCC MIPRC PANYNJ SRBC SSEB WAMATA PANYNJ WAMATA PANYNJ WAMATA PANYNJ WAMATA GLC MIPRC Voluntary Coalition GWEC IMTC MHTA MSC OTC CanCC IMTC I-81 CC I-95 CC MHTA MSC MVFC NASC OTC WCCC CanCC I-95 CC MVFC IMTC I-81 CC I-95 CC MVFC WCCC State State Agency State DOTs CBC WSDOT (FMSIB) State DOTs FDOT (SIS) FDOT (TRIP) FSTED State DOTs FSTED MaineDOT (IRAP) MaineDOT (SHIP) WSDOT (FMSIB) State DOTs State DOTs State DOTs Special District or Authority CHSRA CHSRA CHSRA

Multi-State Freight Transportation Organizations 2-4 Type of Institution Function Policy Planning Capital Improvements Operations Regulation/ Safety Research/ Education Regional/ Local Metropolitan Planning Organization (may be multi-state) AtlRC FATF DVGMTF EWGCCG MDMPO-FTAC NYMTC-FTWG PSRC-RFMR SEDA-CGFAC TMACOG AtlRC FATF* BTV DVGMTF* EWGCCG* MDMPO-FTAC* NYMTC-FTWG* PSRC-FAST PSRC-RFMR* SEDA-CGFAC* TMACOG* (*programming) BTV WHFS Joint Service Agreement ACTA ACTA ACTA Voluntary Coalition CREATE CREATE CREATE Pu bl ic- Be ne fit C or po ra tio n Public Corporation POMT POMT Not-for-Profit Corporation ATA ATVG NITL SREB KCS HELP (PrePass) KCS PierPASS (LA/LB) CVSA HELP (PrePass) ATA CVSA IANA NPTC Pr iva te Co rp or at io n Publicly Held Company Privately Held Corporation Source: Cambridge Systematics, Inc.

Multi-State Freight Transportation Organizations 2-5 Acronyms for Table 2.1: ACTA: Alameda Corridor Transportation Authority HELP (PrePass): Help (PrePass) OTC: Ozone Transport Commission AtlRC FATF: Atlanta Regional Council Freight Advisory Task Force I-81 CC: I-81 Corridor Coalition PANYNJ: Port Authority of New York and New Jersey ApRC (ADHS): Appalachian Regional Commission (Appalachia Development Highway System) I-95 CC: I-95 Corridor Coalition PierPASS (LA/LB): PierPASS (Los Angeles/Long Beach) ASMFC: Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission IANA: Intermodal Association of North America POMT: Port of Miami Tunnel ATA: American Trucking Association ICPRB: Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin PSRC-FAST: Puget Sound Regional Council – Freight Action STrategy Corridor ATVG: Association of Tennessee Valley Governments IMCC: Interstate Mining Compact Commission PSRC - RFMR: Puget Sound Regional Council - Regional Freight Mobility Roundtable BTV: Bridging the Valley IMTC: International Mobility and Trade Corridor SEDA – CGFAC: Susquehanna Economic Development Association – Council of Governments Freight Advisory Committee CanCC: Canamex Corridor Coalition IOGCC: Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission SRBC: Susquehanna River Basin Commission CBC: Chesapeake Bay Commission KCS: Kansas City Smartport SREB: Southern Regional Education Board CHSRA: California High-Speed Rail Authority MaineDOT (IRAP): Maine DOT (Industrial Rail Access Program) SSEB: Southern States Energy Board CREATE: Chicago Region Environmental and Transportation Efficiency Program MaineDOT (SHIP): Maine DOT (Small Harbor Improvement Program) State DOTs: State Departments of Transportation CVSA: Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance MDMPO - FTAC: Miami-Dade MPO - Freight Advisory Committee STB: Surface Transportation Board DVGMTF: Delaware Valley Goods Movement Task Force MHTA: Multi-state Highway Transportation Agreement TMACOG: Toledo Metropolitan Area Council of Governments Freight Subcommittee EWGCCG: East-West Gateway Coordinating Council of Governments MIPRC: Midwest Interstate Passenger Rail Commission TRB: Transportation Research Board EPA CBPO: Environmental Protection Agency Chesapeake Bay Program Office MSC: Multi-state Salinity Coalition TVA: Tennessee Valley Authority FDOT (SIS): Florida DOT (Strategic Intermodal System) MVFC: Mississippi Valley Freight Coalition USDOT: US Department of Transportation FDOT (TRIP): Florida DOT (Transportation Regional Incentive Program) MWAA: Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority USPS: United States Postal Service FHWA HOFM: FHWA Freight Management and Operations NASC: North American Superhighway Coalition WAMATA: Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority FMCSA: Federal Motor Carriers Safety Administration (CVISN) NITL: National Industrial Transportation League WCCC: West Coast Corridor Coalition FSTED: Florida Seaport Transportation and Economic Development Council NPTC: National Private Truck Council WHFS: Wilmington-Harrisburg Freight Study Steering Committee GLC: Great Lakes Commission NRPC (Amtrak) – National Passenger Rail Corporation (Amtrak) WSDOT (FMSIB): Washington DOT (Freight Mobility Strategic Investment Board) GWEC: Governor's Wind Energy Coalition NYMTC - FTWG: New York Metropolitan Transportation Council - Freight Transportation Working Group Source: Cambridge Systematics, Inc.