A Summary of Pump-and-Treat Systems Reviewed in this Study
Site |
Contaminants |
A [service station, location confidential]E |
Gasoline |
Advanced Micro Devices (Monolithic Mere.) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
Ethylbenzene; 1,2-DCE; PCE |
Advanced Micro Devices (Bldg. 915) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
TCE; 1,2-DCE; TCA |
Advanced Micro Devices (Bldgs. 901 & 902) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
TCE; 1,2-DCE |
Ampex [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
TCE; 1,2-DCE |
Amphenol Corp. [Sidney, NY]B,C |
Chloroform; TCE; PCE |
Anacomp, Inc. (XIDEX) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
2-Methoxy ethanol; 1-methoxy 2-propanol; methylene chloride |
Anacomp (Dysan Corp.) [Santa Clara, CA]A |
MEK; isopropyl alcohol |
Applied Materials (Bldg. 1) [Santa Clara, CA]A |
TCA; 1,1-DCE; 1,1-DCA |
Avantek [Santa Clara, CA]A |
VC; TCE; 1,2-DCA |
B [service station, location confidential]E |
Unleaded gasoline |
Black & Decker [Brockport, NY]B |
VC; TCA; 1,2-DCE; TCE |
|
Results |
|
|||
Site |
Rank1 |
Flow Rate2 (liters/min) |
Year Initiated |
Containment Achieved |
Cleanup Goals Achieved |
A [service station, location confidential]E |
2 |
140 |
1988 |
Uncertain |
Yes |
Advanced Micro Devices (Monolithic Mere.) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
4 |
160 |
1985 |
Yes |
No |
Advanced Micro Devices (Bldg. 915) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
4 |
270 |
1983 |
Yes |
Partial4 |
Advanced Micro Devices (Bldgs. 901 & 902) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
4 |
76 |
1983 |
Yes |
No |
Ampex [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
3 |
27 |
1985 |
Yes |
No |
Amphenol Corp. [Sidney, NY]B,C |
2 |
980 |
1987 |
Yes |
No |
Anacomp, Inc. (XIDEX) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
2 |
11 |
1987 |
Yes |
No |
Anacomp (Dysan Corp.) [Santa Clara, CA]A |
2 |
NP |
1986 |
Yes3 |
Yes5 |
Applied Materials (Bldg. 1) [Santa Clara, CA]A |
4 |
80 |
1985 |
Uncertain |
No |
Avantek [Santa Clara, CA]A |
3 or 4 |
19 |
1985 |
Uncertain |
No |
B [service station, location confidential]E |
3 |
23 |
1987 |
No |
Yes |
Black & Decker [Brockport, NY]B |
4 |
38-57 |
1988 |
No |
No |
Site |
Contaminants |
C [service station, location confidential]E |
Unleaded gasoline |
CTS Printex, Inc. [Mountain View, CA]A |
TCE; TCA |
D [service station, location confidential]E |
Unleaded gasoline |
Des Moines TCE [Des Moines, IA]B,C |
VC; t-1,2-DCE; TCE |
DuPont-Mobile [Axis, AL]B |
VOCs; pesticides |
E [service station, location confidential]E |
Gasoline |
Emerson Electric [Altamonte Springs, FL]B |
VOCs; MEK; MIBK; toluene |
F [service station, location confidential]E |
Gasoline |
Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (NSC; Miranda Ave.) [Palo Alto, CA]A |
1,2-DCE; TCE; PCE |
Fairchild Semiconductor [San Jose, CA]A,B |
TCA; 1,1-DCE; Freon; acetone |
FEI Microwave, Inc. (TRW Microwave, Inc.) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
VC; 1,2-DCE; TCE |
Firestone Tire and Rubber [Salinas, CA]D |
TCA; 1,1-DCE; other VOCs |
G [service station, location confidential]E |
Gasoline |
General Mills [Minneapolis, MN]B,C |
TCA; TCE; PCE |
GenRad Corp. (E. plume) [Bolton, MA]B,C |
TCE; other VOCs |
Great Western/Stinnes-Western Chemical Corp. [Milpitas, CA]A |
TCE; TCA; PCE |
H [service station, location confidential]E |
Gasoline |
Harris Corp. [Palm Bay, FL]B,C |
VOCs |
Hewlett-Packard (3500 Deer Creek Rd.) [Palo Alto, CA]A |
1,2-DCE; TCE |
Hewlett-Packard (East Arques) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
1,2-DCE; TCE |
I [service station, location confidential]E |
Unleaded gasoline |
IBM-Dayton [Dayton, NJ]B,C |
1,1-DCA; TCA; 1,1-DCE; TCE; PCE |
IBM-San Jose [San Jose, CA]A,B,C |
TCA; 1,1-DCE; TCE; Freon 113; oil |
INTEL Corp. (Middlefield-Ellis-Whisman plume) [Mountain View, CA]A |
VC; TCE; xylene |
|
Results |
|
|||
Site |
Rank1 |
Flow Rate2 (liters/rain) |
Year Initiated |
Containment Achieved |
Cleanup Goals Achieved |
C [service station, location confidential]E |
2 |
19 |
1986 |
No |
No |
CTS Printex, Inc. [Mountain View, CA]A |
4 |
210 |
1987 |
Yes |
Partial4 |
D [service station, location confidential]E |
1 |
27 |
1986 |
Uncertain |
No |
Des Moines TCE [Des Moines, IA]B,C |
3 |
4,900 |
1987 |
Yes |
No |
DuPont-Mobile [Axis, AL]B |
4 |
680 |
1985 |
No |
NCG |
E [service station, location confidential]E |
3 |
38 |
1985 |
Uncertain |
NA |
Emerson Electric [Altamonte Springs, FL]B |
2 |
110 |
1984 |
Yes |
Yes6 |
F [service station, location confidential]E |
1 |
95 |
1986 |
Yes |
Yes |
Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (NSC; Miranda Ave.) [Palo Alto, CA]A |
4 |
1 |
1985 |
Uncertain |
No |
Fairchild Semiconductor [San Jose, CA]A,B |
4 |
36,000B |
1982 |
Yes |
Partial4 |
FEI Microwave, Inc. (TRW Microwave, Inc.) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
4 |
80 |
1985 |
Yes |
No |
Firestone Tire and Rubber [Salinas, CA]D |
2 or 3 |
2,800 |
1986 |
Yes |
Partial7 |
G [service station, location confidential]E |
3 |
120 |
1986 |
Yes |
Yes |
General Mills [Minneapolis, MN]B,C |
4 |
1,400 |
1985 |
No |
No |
GenRad Corp. (E. plume) [Bolton, MA]B,C |
2 |
150 |
1987 |
Yes |
No |
Great Western/Stinnes-Western Chemical Corp. [Milpitas, CA]A |
4 |
110 |
1986 |
Yes |
No |
H [service station, location confidential]E |
3 |
53 |
1992 |
Uncertain |
Yes |
Harris Corp. [Palm Bay, FL]B,C |
2 |
1,200 |
1984 |
No |
No |
Hewlett-Packard (3500 Deer Creek Rd.) [Palo Alto, CA]A |
4 |
42 |
1985 |
Yes |
No |
Hewlett-Packard (East Arques) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
4 |
30 |
1986 |
Uncertain |
No |
I [service station, location confidential]E |
3 |
76 |
1986 |
Yes |
No |
IBM-Dayton [Dayton, NJ]B,C |
3 |
3,800 |
1978 |
NA |
No |
IBM-San Jose [San Jose, CA]A,B,C |
4 |
23,000B |
1982 |
Yes |
No |
INTEL Corp. (Middlefield-Ellis-Whisman plume) [Mountain View, CA]A |
4 |
2 |
1982 |
Yes8 |
No |
|
Contaminants |
INTEL Corp. (Facility III) [Santa Clara, CA]A |
TCA; TCE; Freon 113 |
Intersil/Siemens (Tantau Ave.) [Cupertino,CA]A |
TCA; TCE; Freon 113 |
J [pipeline leak, location confidential]E |
Gasoline; diesel; fuel oil |
Jones Chemical [Milpitas, CA]A |
TCA; TCE; PCE |
K [oil field brine site, location confidential]E |
Brine (8% chloride) |
KTI Chemicals, Inc. [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
Odorless mineral spirits |
L [refinery, location confidential]E |
Refined products |
M [refinery, location confidential]E |
Refined products; lube oils; asphalt |
Magnetics Peripherals, Inc. [Santa Clara, CA]A |
TCE; Freon |
Memorex [Santa Clara, CA]A |
MEK; xylene; isopropyl alcohol |
Micrel Wafer Fab, Inc./Litronix, Inc. [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
TCE |
Micro Storage/INTEL Magnetics[Santa Clara, CA]A |
TCA; TCE |
Mid-South Wood Products [Mana, AR]B |
PCP; PAHs; Cr; Cu |
National Semiconductor [Santa Clara, CA]A |
1,1-DCE; TCA; TCE |
Nichols Eng. [Hillsborough Township, NJ]B,C |
VOCs; CS2 |
Occidental Chemical [Lathtop, CA]B |
EDB; DBCP; other pesticides |
Olin Corp. [Brandenburg, KY]B |
DCEE; DCIPE |
Ponders Comer [Tacoma, WA]B,C |
t-1,2-DCE; TCE; PCE |
Precision Monolithic Inc. [Santa Clara, CA]A |
1,2-DCE; TCE; Freon |
River Park/Lincoln Prop. [San Jose, CA]A |
1,2-DCE; TCE; PCE |
Signetics (811 E. Arques) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
DCE; TCA; TCE |
Savannah River Plant [Aiken, SC]B,C |
TCA; TCE; PCE |
Sharpe Army Depot [Lathtop, CA]C |
TCE |
Site A [cleaning compound manufacturing facility, south Florida; location confidential]B |
VC; t-1,2-DCE; benzene; 1,4-DCB; chlorobenzene |
Solvent Service, Inc. [San Jose, CA]A |
1,2-DCE; TCE; acetone |
Sylvester/Gilson Rd. [Nashua, NH]B,C |
Metals; VOCs; semivolatiles |
|
Results |
|
|||
Site |
Rank1 |
Flow Rate2 (liters/min) |
Year Initiated |
Containment Achieved |
Cleanup Goals Achieved |
INTEL Corp. (Facility III) [Santa Clara, CA]A |
3 or 4 |
38 |
1985 |
Yes |
Partial4 |
Intersil/Siemens (Tantau Ave.) [Cupertino,CA]A |
4 |
190 |
1987 |
Yes |
No |
J [pipeline leak, location confidential]E |
3 |
1,300 |
1988 |
No |
No |
Jones Chemical [Milpitas, CA]A |
4 |
420 |
1987 |
Uncertain |
No |
K [oil field brine site, location confidential]E |
2 |
83 |
1989 |
Yes |
No |
KTI Chemicals, Inc. [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
3 |
34 |
1985 |
Yes |
No |
L [refinery, location confidential]E |
3 |
6,100 |
1988 |
Uncertain |
NA |
M [refinery, location confidential]E |
3 |
4,500 |
1984 |
Uncertain |
NA |
Magnetics Peripherals, Inc. [Santa Clara, CA]A |
3 or 4 |
19 |
1985 |
Yes |
Partial4 |
Memorex [Santa Clara, CA]A |
3 |
110 |
1986 |
Yes |
Partial4 |
Micrel Wafer Fab, Inc./Litronix, Inc. [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
4 |
110 |
1986 |
Yes |
No |
Micro Storage/INTEL Magnetics[Santa Clara, CA]A |
3 or 4 |
30 |
1984 |
Yes |
No |
Mid-South Wood Products [Mana, AR]B |
4 |
160 |
1985 |
No |
Partial4 |
National Semiconductor [Santa Clara, CA]A |
4 |
580 |
1985 |
Uncertain |
No |
Nichols Eng. [Hillsborough Township, NJ]B,C |
3 |
250 |
1988 |
NA |
No |
Occidental Chemical [Lathtop, CA]B |
3 |
2,300 |
1982 |
No |
No |
Olin Corp. [Brandenburg, KY]B |
3 |
24,000 |
1974 |
Yes |
NCG |
Ponders Comer [Tacoma, WA]B,C |
2 |
7,600 |
1984 |
No |
No |
Precision Monolithic Inc. [Santa Clara, CA]A |
3 or 4 |
310 |
1985 |
No |
Partial4 |
River Park/Lincoln Prop. [San Jose, CA]A |
3 or 4 |
1,200 |
1988 |
Yes |
No |
Signetics (811 E. Arques) [Sunnyvale, CA]A |
4 |
340 |
1982 |
Yes |
No |
Savannah River Plant [Aiken, SC]B,C |
4 |
2,100 |
1985 |
No |
NCG |
Sharpe Army Depot [Lathtop, CA]C |
3 |
760 |
1988(?)9 |
Yes |
No |
Site A [cleaning compound manufacturing facility, south Florida; location confidential]B |
2 |
190 |
1988 |
NA |
Partial4 |
Solvent Service, Inc. [San Jose, CA]A |
4 |
4 |
1985 |
Yes |
No |
Sylvester/Gilson Rd. [Nashua, NH]B,C |
4 |
1,100 |
1981 |
No |
No |
Site |
Contaminants |
Synertek Bldg. 1 (Honeywell) [Santa Clara, CA]A |
1,1-DCE; TCA; TCE |
Synertek Bldg. 3 (Honeywell) [Santa Clara, CA]A |
Acetone; xylenes; TCA |
Technical Coatings [Santa Clara, CA]A |
Toluene; xylene; MIBK |
Teledyne Semiconductor/Spectra Physics |
TCE |
[Mountain View, CA]A |
|
Twin Cities AAP [New Brighton, MN]C |
TCE |
Tyson's Dump [King of Prussia, PA]B |
Trichloropropane; other VOCs; ethyl benzene; toluene; xylene |
United Chrome [Corvallis, OR]C |
Cr(VI) |
Utah Power & Light [Idaho Falls, ID]B |
Creosote |
Van Waters & Rogers, Inc. [San Jose, CA]A |
TCA; PCE; 1,2-DCE |
Varian Associates (Palo Alto) [Palo Alto, CA]A |
1,2-DCE; TCA; TCE |
Varian Associates (Santa Clara) [Santa Clara, CA]A |
TCA |
Verona Well Field [Battle Creek, MI]B,C |
VOCs |
Ville Mercier [Quebec, Canada]B |
Organics |
Western Processing [Kent, WA]B |
Metals; organics |
Wurtsmith AFB [Wurtsmith, MI]C |
TCE; t-1,2-DCE |
NOTES AND ABBREVIATIONS
1. |
Rank is based on the criteria presented in Table 3-2. |
2. |
Flow rates are based on first-quarter 1992 monitoring data for A sites and on maximum pumping rates for B, C, D, and E sites. |
3. |
Not pumping; pumps shut off in February 1991. Containment was achieved when pumping. |
4. |
Selected contaminants have been cleaned up; other contaminants remain above cleanup levels. |
5. |
Pending final review by the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board. |
6. |
Site has been dosed by the state regulatory agency, but no new monitoring data exist to verify cleanup. |
7. |
Cleanup goals reached everywhere except in a small off-site area. |
8. |
On-site area only; plume is commingled off site. |
9. |
A ''?'' indicates that the "year initiated" has been estimated. |
|
Results |
|
|||
Site |
Rank1 |
Flow Rate2 (liters/min) |
Year Initiated |
Containment Achieved |
Cleanup Goals Achieved |
Synertek Bldg. 1 (Honeywell) [Santa Clara, CA]A |
3 or 4 |
45 |
1987 |
Yes |
No |
Synertek Bldg. 3 (Honeywell) [Santa Clara, CA]A |
2 |
4 |
1987 |
Yes |
Yes |
Technical Coatings [Santa Clara, CA]A |
3 |
8 |
1987 |
Uncertain |
No |
Teledyne Semiconductor/Spectra Physics |
4 |
810 |
1986 |
Yes |
No |
[Mountain View, CA]A |
4 |
10,000 |
1988(?)9 |
Yes |
No |
Twin Cities AAP [New Brighton, MN]C |
4 |
450 |
1988 |
No |
NCG |
Tyson's Dump [King of Prussia, PA]B |
3 |
64 |
1988(?)9 |
NA |
No |
United Chrome [Corvallis, OR]C |
4 |
760 |
1985 |
No |
NCG |
Utah Power & Light [Idaho Falls, ID]B |
4 |
42 |
1986 |
No |
No |
Van Waters & Rogers, Inc. [San Jose, CA]A |
4 |
95 |
1987 |
Yes |
No |
Varian Associates (Palo Alto) [Palo Alto, CA]A |
3 or 4 |
61 |
1985 |
Yes |
Partial4 |
Varian Associates (Santa Clara) [Santa Clara, CA]A |
4 |
9,100 |
1984 |
No |
No |
Verona Well Field [Battle Creek, MI]B,C |
4 |
2,800 |
1983 |
NA |
NA |
Ville Mercier [Quebec, Canada]B |
4 |
830 |
1988 |
No |
NA |
Western Processing [Kent, WA]B |
2 or 3 |
1,100 |
1978 |
NA |
No |
Wurtsmith AFB [Wurtsmith, MI]C |
|
5,500 |
1982 |
|
|
NA - data not available NCG - plume containment was the remedial goal. NP - not pumping Uncertain - may indicate either a poorly designed monitoring well network or a lack of water level data. |
Site References
-
Sites reviewed in the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board's study.
-
Sites reviewed in the EPA's 24-site study.
-
Sites reviewed in the University of Tennessee's study.
-
Site not reviewed in any formal study.
-
Sites reviewed in the American Petroleum Institute's study.
Chemical Names
Cr |
chromium |
CS2 |
carbon disulfide |
Cu |
copper |
DBCP |
dibromochloropropane |
1,1-DCA |
1,1-dichloroethane |
1,4-DCB |
1,4-dichlorobenzene |
DCE |
dichloroethene (unspecified isomer) |
1,1-DCE |
1,1-dichloroethene |
1,2-DCE |
1,2-dichloroethene |
t-1,2-DCE |
trans-1,2-dichloroethene |
DCEE |
dichloroethyl ether |
DCIPE |
dichloroisopropyl ether |
EDB |
ethylene dibromide |
Freon 113 |
1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane |
MEK |
methyl ethyl ketone |
MIBK |
methyl isobutyl ketone |
PAH |
polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon |
PCE |
tetrachloroethene |
PCP |
pentachlorophenol |
TCA |
1,1,1-trichloroethane |
TCE |
trichloroethene |
VC |
vinyl chloride |
VOC |
volatile organic chemical |