Dispersion Modeling Guidance for Airports Addressing Local Air Quality Health Concerns (2017)

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34 Arunachalam, S., et al. (2014). Estimating Regional Background Air Quality using Space/Time Ordinary Kriging to Support Exposure Studies. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 11(10), 10518–10536; doi:10.3390/ ijerph111010518. Brem, B., et al. (2016). Particulate Matter and Gas Phase Emission Measurement of Aircraft Engine Exhaust. Final Report prepared by EMPA Advanced Analytical Technologies/ETH Zurich for Swiss Federal Office of Civil Aviation FOCA (Bundesamt für Zivilluftfahrt, BAZL), June 2016. Carr, E., et al. (2011). Development and Evaluation of an Air Quality Modeling Approach to Assess Near-Field Impacts of Lead Emissions from Piston-Engine Aircraft Operating on Leaded Aviation Gasoline. Atmo- spheric Environment, 45(32), 5795–5804. Carruthers, D., S. Gray, K. Johnson, and C. McHugh (2007). Intercomparison of Five Modelling Approaches Including ADMS-Airport and EDMS/AERMOD for Predicting Air Quality in the Vicinity of London Heathrow Airport. In: Air and Waste Management Association—Guideline on Air Quality Models: Applica- tions and FLAG Developments 2006. A&WMA, 247–258. Carruthers, D., et al. (2008). ADMS-Airport: Model Inter-Comparisons and Model Validation. Presented at 12th International Conference of Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes, October 6–9, 2008, Cavtat, Croatia. Carruthers, D., C. McHugh, M. Jackson, and K. Johnson (2011). Developments in ADMS-Airport to Take Account of Near Field Dispersion and Applications to Heathrow Airport. International Journal of Environ- ment and Pollution, 44(1–4), 332–341. Chang, S.-Y., et al. (2017). Finely Resolved On-Road PM2.5 and Estimated Premature Mortality in Central North Carolina. Risk Analysis. John Wiley & Sons; doi:10.1111/risa.12775. Cirillo, M., and A. Poli (1992). An Intercomparison of Semiempirical Diffusion Models Under Low Wind Speed, Stable Conditions. Atmos. Environ., 26A, 765–774. Davis, N., and S. Arunachalam (2009). A Hybrid CMAQ and AERMOD Approach to Investigate the Impact of Airports on Local Air Quality. In Proceedings of the 8th Annual Models-3/CMAS Users Conference, Chapel Hill, NC, Oct 2009. Eckman, R. M. (1994). Re-Examination of Empirically Derived Formulas for Horizontal Diffusion from Surface Sources. Atmos. Environ., 28, 265–272. Farias, F., and H. ApSimon (2006). Relative Contributions from Traffic and Aircraft NOx Emissions to Exposure in West London. Environmental Modelling & Software, 21(4), 477–485. Fleuti, E., and P. Hofmann (2005). Zurich Airport 2004: A Comparison of Modelled and Measured Air Quality. European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation, EUROCONTROL. Garnier, F., S. Brunet, and L. Jacquin (1997). Modelling Exhaust Plume Mixing in the Near Field of an Aircraft. Ann. Geophysicae, 15, 1468–1477. Hudda, N., and S. A. Fruin (2016). International Airport Impacts to Air Quality: Size and Related Properties of Large Increases in Ultrafine Particle Number Concentrations. Environ. Sci. Technol. 50, 3362–3370. Hudda, N., T. Gould, K. Hartin, T. V. Larson, and S. A. Fruin (2014). Emissions from an International Airport Increase Particle Number Concentrations 4-fold at 10 km Downwind. Environ. Sci. Technol. 48, 6628–6635. International Civil Aviation Organization (2011). Airport Air Quality Manual, Doc 9889, 1st Ed. ISBN 978-92- 9231-862-8, Available at: http://www.icao.int/publications/Documents/9889_cons_en.pdf. Isakov, V., et al. (2009). Combining Regional- and Local-Scale Air Quality Models with Exposure Models for Use in Environmental Health Studies. J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 59, 461–472. Janicke, U., E. Fleuti, and I. Fuller (2007). LASPORT—A Model System for Airport-Related Source Systems Based on a Lagrangian Particle Model. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Harmonisation Bibliography and References

Bibliography and References 35 within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes, p. 352. Available at: http://www.harmo.org/ conferences/Proceedings/_Cambridge/publishedSections/Op352-356.pdf. Kim. B., et al. (2012). ACRP Report 71: Guidance for Quantifying the Contribution of Airport Emissions to Local Air Quality. Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C. Available at: http:// onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/acrp/acrp_rpt_071.pdf. Lobo, P., et al. (2015). Measurement of Aircraft Engine Non-Volatile PM Emissions: Results of the Aviation- Particle Regulatory Instrumentation Demonstration Experiment (A-PRIDE) 4 Campaign, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 49:7,472–484, DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2015.1047012. Martin, A. (2006). Verification of FAA’s Emissions and Dispersion Modeling System (EDMS). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1044. University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL. Available at: http://stars.library.ucf. edu/etd/1044. Miracolo, M. A., et al. (2011). Secondary Aerosol Formation from Photochemical Aging of Aircraft Exhaust in a Smog Chamber. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 4135–4147; doi:10.5194/acp-11-4135-2011. Ortega, I. K., et al. (2016). Measuring Non-Volatile Particle Properties in the Exhaust of an Aircraft Engine. J. Aerospace Lab, AL 11-08, June 2016. Available at: http://www.aerospacelab-journal.org/sites/www. aerospacelab-journal.org/files/AL11-08.pdf. Peace, H., J. Maughan, B. Owen, and D. Raper (2006). Identifying the Contribution of Different Airport Related Sources to Local Urban Air Quality. Environmental Modelling & Software, (21)4, 532–538. Peters, J., P. Berghmans, J. Van Laer, and E. Frijns (2016). UFP—en BC-Metingen Rondom de Luchthaven van Zaventem. Studieuitgevoerd in opdracht van de VMM en van BIM, 2016/MRG/R/0493. Petzold, A., A. Dopelheuer, C. A. Brock, and R. Schroder (1999). In Situ Observations and Model Calculations of Black Carbon Emission by Aircraft at Cruise Altitude. J. Geophys. Res. 104(D18), 22171–22181. Qian, W., and A. Venkatram (2011). Performance of Steady-State Dispersion Models Under Low Wind-Speed Conditions. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 138, 475–491. Riley, E., et al. (2016). Ultrafine Particle Size as a Tracer for Aircraft Turbine Emissions. Atmos. Environ. 139 (2016) 20e29. Sabatino, S. D., E. Solazzo, and R. Britter (2011). The Sustainable Development of Heathrow Airport: Model Inter-Comparison Study. International Journal of Environment and Pollution, (44)1/2/3/4, 351–358. Sarrat, C., S. Aubry, and T. Chaboud (2012). Modelling Air Traffic Impact on Local Air Quality With IESTA and ADMS-Airport: Validation Using Field Measurements on a Regional Airport. Presentation at 28th Congress of International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, September 23–28, 2012, Brisbane, Australia. Schumann, U., et al. (1995). Estimate of Diffusion Parameters of Aircraft Exhaust Plumes Near the Tropopause from Nitric Oxide and Turbulence Measurements. J. Geophy. Res., 100, 14147–14162. Sharan, M., and A. K. Yadav (1998). Simulation of Experiments Under Light Wind, Stable Conditions by a Variable K-Theory Model. Atmos. Environ., 32, 3481–3492. Steib, R., K. Labancz, Z. Ferenczi, and B. Alfoldy (2008). Airport (Budapest Feribegy-Hungary) Air Quality Analysis Using the EDMS Modeling System, Part I: Model Development and Testing. IDOJARAS, (112)2, 99–112. Tetra Tech, Inc. (2013). LAX Air Quality and Source Apportionment Study. Los Angeles World Airports. Available at: http://www.lawa.org/airQualityStudy.aspx?id=7716. Unterstrasser, S., R. Paoli, I. Solch, C. Kuhnlein, and T. Gerz (2014). Dimension of Aircraft Exhaust Plumes at Cruise Conditions: Effect of Wake Vortices. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 2713–2733. Wayson, R. L., G. G. Fleming, B. Kim, W. L. Eberhard, and W. A. Brewer (2004). Final Report: The Use of Lidar to Characterize Aircraft Initial Plume Characteristics. Letter Report, Federal Aviation Administration, Wash- ington, D.C. Wayson, R. L., et al. (2008). Lidar Measurement of Exhaust Plume Characteristics from Commercial Jet Turbine Aircraft at the Denver International Airport. Tech. Rep. FAA-AEE-08-02, Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, D.C. Weil, J. C., L. A. Corio, and R. P. Brower (1997). A PDF Dispersion Model for Buoyant Plumes in the Convective Boundary Layer. J. Appl. Meteor., 36, 982–1003. Wilkerson, J. T., et al. (2010). Analysis of Emission Data from Global Commercial Aviation: 2004 and 2006. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 10, 6391–6408. Woody, M. C., et al. (2015). Estimates of Non-traditional Secondary Organic Aerosols from Aircraft SVOC and IVOC Emissions Using CMAQ. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 6929–6942; doi:10.5194/acp-15-6929–2015. Yim, S. H. L., et al. (2015). Global, Regional and Local Health Impacts of Civil Aviation Emissions. Environ. Res. Lett. 10(3), 034001. IOP Science.

Abbreviations and acronyms used without definitions in TRB publications: A4A Airlines for America AAAE American Association of Airport Executives AASHO American Association of State Highway Officials AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ACI–NA Airports Council International–North America ACRP Airport Cooperative Research Program ADA Americans with Disabilities Act APTA American Public Transportation Association ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ATA American Trucking Associations CTAA Community Transportation Association of America CTBSSP Commercial Truck and Bus Safety Synthesis Program DHS Department of Homeland Security DOE Department of Energy EPA Environmental Protection Agency FAA Federal Aviation Administration FAST Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act (2015) FHWA Federal Highway Administration FMCSA Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration FRA Federal Railroad Administration FTA Federal Transit Administration HMCRP Hazardous Materials Cooperative Research Program IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ISTEA Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 ITE Institute of Transportation Engineers MAP-21 Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (2012) NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASAO National Association of State Aviation Officials NCFRP National Cooperative Freight Research Program NCHRP National Cooperative Highway Research Program NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration NTSB National Transportation Safety Board PHMSA Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration RITA Research and Innovative Technology Administration SAE Society of Automotive Engineers SAFETEA-LU Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (2005) TCRP Transit Cooperative Research Program TDC Transit Development Corporation TEA-21 Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (1998) TRB Transportation Research Board TSA Transportation Security Administration U.S.DOT United States Department of Transportation

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