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Suggested Citation:"3. Contents." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 1999. Entry and Competition in the U.S. Airline Industry: Issues and Opportunities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25103.
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Page 11
Page 12
Suggested Citation:"3. Contents." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 1999. Entry and Competition in the U.S. Airline Industry: Issues and Opportunities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25103.
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Page 12

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

Contents Executive Summary Overview and Trends 15 Scope and Organization ofthe Report, 16 General Developments and Trends During the 1990s, 18 Price Dispersion in the Airline Industry, 22 Market and Industry Entry Trends, 40 Resurgence of Low-Fare Service, 49 Summary, 61 2 Airline Competition at Hub Airports and Complaints of Unfair Conduct 65 Competition in City-Pair Markets Generally, 65 Competition in Hub Markets, 70 Allegations of Unfair Competitive Responses to New Entry, 81 Summary, 96 3 Exploiting Opportunities for Airline Entry and Competition 99 Improving the Use and Availability of Aviation Infrastructure, 100

Other Opportunities to Spur Competition, 123 Summary, 130 4 Effects of Airline Alliances and Partnerships on Competition 133 Background and Key Competition Issues, 134 Alliances Among Major Domestic Carriers, 138 International Alliances, 143 Summary, 152 5 Competition and Entiy in Smaller Markets 155 Appendixes 159 Statement of Enforcement Policy Regarding Unfair Exclusionary Conduct, 159 Recommendations from Winds of Change Concerning Competition and Other Relevant Topics, 169 Informal Complaints to DOT by New Entrant Airlines About Unfair Exclusionary Practices: March 1993 toMay 1999, 171 Airport Identification Codes, 186 Study Committee Biographical Information 190

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TRB Special Report 255 - Entry and Competition in the U.S. Airline Industry: Issues and Opportunities focuses on some well understood and recognized opportunities to encourage airline competition, especially in larger markets.

During the mid-1990s, new-entrant carriers filed formal complaints with USDOT, contending that large established airlines were engaging in predatory pricing (pricing below cost). Such strategies were alleged to include matching low fares and providing far more service than could a new entrant, but then raising fares and cutting service as soon as the new entrant failed or withdrew. USDOT contemplated writing regulations against such alleged practices, but the committee that studied entry and competition in the U.S. airline industry advised against doing so. Given the difficulties involved in defining fair and unfair competition, the proposed regulations could have proved as harmful as helpful. The committee noted that USDOT has other policy instruments that could be used to promote the entry of new carriers, such as supporting the development of additional gates and airports, eliminating service restrictions at some key airports, and ensuring that federal rules promote rather than hinder more open access to major airport facilities.

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