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74 21. Brehmer, C. L., K. C. Kacir, D. A. Noyce, and M. P. Manser. NCHRP Research Report 493: Evaluation of Traffic Signal Displays for Protected-Permissive Left-Turn Control. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2003. 22. McGee Sr., H., K. Moriarty, K. Eccles, M. Liu, T. Gates, and R. Retting. NCHRP Research Report 731: Guidelines for Timing Yellow and All-Red Intervals at Signalized Intersections. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2012. 23. Signal Timing Manual, 1st Edition. National Cooperative Highway Research Program, 2008. 24. Signal Timing Manual, 2nd Edition. National Cooperative Highway Research Program, 2015. 25. Park, M. Left-Turn Phase Reservice in Cycle with Short Dual Left-Turn Bay. ITE Journal, 2010. 26. The Value of Travel Time Savings: Departmental Guidance for Conducting Economic Evaluations â Revision 2 (2016 update). U.S. Department of Transportation, 2016. 27. Virginia Supplement to the 2009 Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, 2009 Edition. Virginia Department of Transportation, Richmond, 2013.