Utility Pole Safety and Hazard Evaluation Approaches (2020)

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80 Utility Pole Safety and Hazard Evaluation Approaches Gabler, C.H., D.J. Gabauer, and W.T. Riddell. 2007. “Breakaway Utility Poles: Feasibility of Energy-Absorbing Utility Pole Installations in New Jersey.” Report No. FHWA-NJ-2007-018. Washington, DC: FHWA, U.S. DOT. Georgia DOT. 2018. Utility Accommodation Policy and Standards. Georgia DOT, December. http://www.dot.ga.gov/ PartnerSmart/utilities/Documents/2016_UAM.pdf. Glennon, J.C., and C.J. Wilton (Midwest Research Institute). 1974. “Effectiveness of Roadside Safety Improve- ments.” Washington, DC: FHWA, U.S. DOT, November. Good, M.C., J.C. Fox, and P.N. Joubert. 1987. “An In-Depth Study of Accidents Involving Collisions with Utility Poles.” Accident Analysis and Prevention 19 (5): 397–413. Melbourne, Australia: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Melbourne, Australia, July. Graf, N.L., J.V. Boos, and J.A. Wentworth. 1976. “Single-Vehicle Accidents Involving Utility Poles.” Transportation Research Record 571: 36–43. Washington, DC: TRB, National Research Council. http://onlinepubs.trb.org/ Onlinepubs/trr/1976/571/571-005.pdf. Graham, J.L., and D.W. Harwood. 1982. “Effectiveness of Clear Recovery Zones.” NCHRP Report 247: 68. Washington, DC: TRB, National Research Council, May. Griffin, L.I. 1981. “Probability of Driver Injury in Single Vehicle Collisions with Roadway Appurtenances as a Function of Passenger Car Curb Weight.” College Station, TX: Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University, October. Guidry, T.R., and W.L. Beason. 1992. “Development of a Low-Profile Portable Concrete Barrier.” Transportation Research Record 1367: 36–46. Harmon, T., G. Bahar, and F. Gross. 2018. Crash Costs for Highway Safety Analysis. Washington, DC: FHWA, U.S. DOT. https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsip/docs/fhwasa17071.pdf. Hehr, C.C. 1995. “The First Installation of Breakaway Timber Utility Poles.” FHWA/TX-95. Washington DC: FHWA, U.S. DOT. March. Horne, D.A. 2001. “Precedents for Action.” In Transportation Research Circular E-C030: Utility Safety: Mobilized for Action and State, City, and Utility Initiatives in Roadside Safety. Washington, DC: TRB, April: 7–10. TRB Committee on Utilities (A2A07), 79th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board. Hunter, W.W., F.M. Council, A.K. Dutt, and D.G. Cole. 1978. “Methodology for Ranking Roadside Hazard Correction Programs.” Transportation Research Record 672: 1–9. Washington, DC: TRB, National Research Council. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). 2017. National Electrical Safety Code. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS). 2018. “Fatality Facts, 2018.” http://www.iihs.org. IIHS, Highway Loss Data Institute. 2017. “Collisions with Fixed Objects and Animals.” Roadway and Environment. Ivey, D.L. 1991. “The Time Has Come for Utility Pole Safety Programs.” Presented at the National Highway Utilities Conference, Denver, CO, February 1991. Ivey, D.L., M.E. Branstad, and L.I. Griffin III. 1993. “Guardrail End Treatments in the 1990s.” Transportation Research Record 1367: 63–75. Washington, DC: TRB, January. http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/ trr/1992/1367/1367-007.pdf. Ivey, D.L., and K.K. Mak. 1989. “Recommended Guidelines for New Utility Installations.” Committee on Utilities, TRB. Washington, DC: TRB, National Research Council, June 25. Presented at the Symposium on Safety in the Clear Zone and Utility Installations. Ivey, D.L., and J.R. Morgan. 1986. “Timber Pole Safety by Design.” Transportation Research Record 1065: 1–11. Washington, DC: TRB. http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1986/1065/1065.pdf. Ivey, D.L., and J.R. Morgan. 1985. Safer Timber Utility Poles, Vol. 1, FHWA Report FHWA/RD-86/154. 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Baum (Calspan Field Services, Inc.). 1980. “An Analysis of the Urban Utility Pole Problem.” Washington, DC: FHWA, U.S. DOT, December. Jones, J.G. 2016. “Noteworthy Practices: Roadside Tree and Utility Pole Management.” Report No. FHWA- SA-16-043, Sections 2.3 and 2.3.1. Washington, DC: FHWA, U.S. DOT, September. https://safety.fhwa.dot. gov/roadway_dept/countermeasures/safe_recovery/clear_zones/fhwasa16043/fhwasa16043.pdf. Lacy, K., R. Srinivasan, C.V. Zegeer, R. Pfefer, T.R. Neuman, K.L. Slack, and K.K. Hardy. 2004. Volume 8: A Guide for Reducing Collisions Involving Utility Poles. NCHRP Report 500: Guidance for Implementation of the AASHTO Strategic Highway Safety Plan. Washington, DC: NCHRP, TRB.

References and Bibliography 81 Mak, K.K., and R.L. Mason. 1980. “Accident Analysis—Breakaway and Nonbreakaway Poles, Including Sign and Light Standards Along Highways.” Washington, DC: FHWA, U.S. DOT, August. Marquis, B. 2001. “Utility Pole Crash Modeling.” Maine DOT, February. Mattox, T.B. 2007. “Evaluation of Roadside Collisions with Utility Poles and Trees at Intersection Locations.” Georgia Tech: Master’s Thesis, January. https://smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/handle/1853/19829/mattox_ todd_b_200712_mast.pdf. McCoy, P.T., H.T. Hsueh, and E.R. Post. 1981. “Methodology for Evaluation of Safety Improvement Alternatives for Utility Poles.” Transportation Research Record 796: 25–31. Washington, DC: TRB. http://onlinepubs.trb. org/Onlinepubs/trr/1981/796/796-004.pdf. Michie, J.D. 1981. Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Appurtenances. NCHRP Report 230. Washington, DC: TRB. Michie, J.D., and K.K. Mak (Southwest Research Institute). 1980. “Interim Criteria for Identifying Timber Utility Poles for Breakaway Modification.” Washington, DC: FHWA, U.S. DOT, September. NCHRP. 2003. Volume 6: A Guide for Addressing Run-Off-Road Collisions. NCHRP Report 500: Guidance for Implementation of the AASHTO Strategic Highway Safety Plan. Washington, DC: NCHRP, TRB. http:// onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_rpt_500v6.pdf. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). 2018. “Fatal Accident Reporting System, 2017.” Washington, DC: NHTSA, U.S. DOT. NHTSA. 1980. Fatal Accident Reporting System. Washington, DC: NHTSA, U.S. DOT. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB). 2018. 2016 NTSB US Civil Aviation Accident Statistics. Washington, DC: NTSB, October. https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/data/Pages/AviationDataStats2016.aspx. North Carolina DOT. 2017. “Roadway Design Manual.” North Carolina DOT, April. https://connect.ncdot.gov/ projects/Roadway/Pages/Roadway-Design-Manual.aspx. North Carolina DOT. 2014. “Utility Policy Manual.” North Carolina DOT, August. https://connect.ncdot.gov/ municipalities/Utilities/UtilitiesDocuments/Utilities%20Policy%20Manual.pdf. Perchonok, K., T.A. Ranney, S. Baum, D.F. Morris, and J.D. Eppick (Calspan Field Services, Inc.). 1978. “Hazardous Effects of Highway Features and Roadside Objects.” Washington, DC: FHWA, U.S. DOT. Post, E.R., P.T. McCoy, T.J. Wipf, R.W. Bolton, and A.K. Mohaddes. 1979. “Feasibility Study of Breakaway Stub Concept for Wooden Utility Poles.” Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska, Lincoln, December. Ray, M.H., L.A. Troxel, and J.F. Carney. 1991. “Characteristics of Fixed-Roadside-Object-Side-Impact Accidents.” Journal of Transportation Engineering 117 (3). Rinde, E.A. 1979. “Conventional Road Safety—Fixed Objects.” Sacramento, CA: California DOT, August. 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Washington State DOT. 2010. “Washington State’s Strategic Highway Safety Plan.” Olympia, WA: Washington State DOT. http://targetzero.com/pdf/targetzeroplan.pdf. Wentworth, J.A. 1973. “Motor Vehicle Accidents Involving Utility Poles—Summary of Data Availability.” Washington, DC: Office of R&D, FHWA. Wright, P.H., and K.K. Mak. 1976. “Single Vehicle Accident Relationships.” Atlanta, GA: Georgia Institute of Technology, Department of Traffic Engineering, January 1976: 16–21. Wright, P.H., and L.S. Robertson. 1976. “Priorities for Roadside Hazard Modification.” Washington, DC: IIHS. Zegeer, C.V., and M.J. Cynecki. 1986. “Selection of Cost-Effective Countermeasures for Utility Pole Accidents— User’s Manual.” FHWA Report No. IP-86-9. Washington, DC: FHWA, U.S. DOT, December. Zegeer, C.V., and M.J. Cynecki. 1984. “Determination of Cost-Effective Roadway Treatments for Utility Pole Accidents.” Transportation Research Record 970: 52–64. Washington, DC: TRB, National Research Council. http://onlinepubs.trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1984/970/970-008.pdf. Zegeer, C.V., and M.R. Parker Jr. 1984. “Effect of Traffic and Roadway Features on Utility Pole Accidents.” Trans- portation Research Record 970: 65–76. Washington, DC: TRB, National Research Council. http://onlinepubs. trb.org/Onlinepubs/trr/1984/970/970-009.pdf. Zegeer, C.V., and M.R. Parker Jr. (Goodell-Grivas, Inc.). 1983. “Cost-Effectiveness of Countermeasures for Utility Pole Accidents.” Washington, DC: FHWA, U.S. DOT, January.