Views of the U.S. National Academies of
Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine on Agenda Items at Issue at the
WORLD
RADIOCOMMUNICATION
CONFERENCE 2023
Committee on the Views on the
World Radiocommunication Conference 2023
Board on Physics and Astronomy
Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences
A Consensus Study Report of
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
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This study is based on work supported by the Contract No. NNH16CE01B/80HQTR20F0216 with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and Grant No. AST-1720392 with the National Science Foundation. This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the U.S. government. Neither the U.S. government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the U.S. government or any agency thereof. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any agency or organization that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-30714-7
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-30714-7
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/26080
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Suggested Citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Views of the U.S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine on Agenda Items at Issue at the World Radiocommunication Conference 2023. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26080.
The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. John L. Anderson is president.
The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president.
The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine.
Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org.
Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task.
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COMMITTEE ON THE VIEWS ON THE WORLD RADIOCOMMUNICATION CONFERENCE 2023
LIESE VAN ZEE, Indiana University, Chair
NATHANIEL LIVESEY, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Vice Chair
NANCY BAKER, Naval Research Laboratory
DARREL EMERSON, Consultant (retired)
WILLIAM EMERY, University of Colorado
DARA ENTEKHABI, NAE,1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
PHILIP J. ERICKSON, Haystack Observatory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
TOMAS GERGELY, Consultant (retired)
KELSEY JOHNSON, University of Virginia
KAREN MASTERS, Haverford College
MAHTA MOGHADDAM, NAE, University of Southern California
SCOTT N. PAINE, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian
FRANK K. SCHINZEL, National Radio Astronomy Observatory
GAIL SKOFRONICK-JACKSON, NASA Headquarters
Staff
GREGORY MACK, Senior Program Officer, Study Director
NEERAJ P. GORKHALY, Associate Program Officer
AMISHA JINANDRA, Research Associate
MEG KNEMEYER, Financial Officer
RADAKA LIGHTFOOT, Senior Financial Assistant
LINDA WALKER, Program Coordinator
COLLEEN N. HARTMAN, Director, Board on Physics and Astronomy (from April 2021)
JAMES C. LANCASTER, Director, Board on Physics and Astronomy (through April 2021)
___________________
1 Member, National Academy of Engineering.
BOARD ON PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY
ABRAHAM LOEB, Harvard University, Chair
ANDREW LANKFORD, University of California at Irvine, Vice Chair
WILLIAM BIALEK, NAS,1 Princeton University
JILL DAHLBURG, Naval Research Laboratory
LOUIS DiMAURO, The Ohio State University
FRANCIS DiSALVO, Cornell University
WENDY FREEDMAN, NAS, University of Chicago
TIM HECKMAN, NAS, Johns Hopkins University
WENDELL HILL III, University of Maryland
ALAN HURD, Los Alamos National Laboratory
NERGIS MAVALVALA, NAS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
LYMAN PAGE, JR., NAS, Princeton University
STEVEN RITZ, University of California, Santa Cruz
SUNIL SINHA, University of California, San Diego
WILLIAM A. ZAJC, Columbia University
Staff
GREGORY MACK, Senior Program Officer
CHRISTOPHER J. JONES, Program Officer
NEERAJ P. GORKHALY, Associate Program Officer
AMISHA JINANDRA, Research Associate
MEG KNEMEYER, Financial Officer
RADAKA LIGHTFOOT, Senior Financial Assistant
LINDA WALKER, Program Coordinator
COLLEEN N. HARTMAN, Director (from April 2021)
JAMES C. LANCASTER, Director (until April 2021)
___________________
1 Member, National Academy of Sciences.
Acknowledgment of Reviewers
This Consensus Study Report was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published report as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process.
We thank the following individuals for their review of this report:
John Bieging, Steward Observatory–Vatican Observatory,
William Blackwell, MIT Lincoln Laboratory,
Gregory Hellbourg, California Institute of Technology,
Jasmeet Judge, University of Florida,
Amy Lovell, Agnes Scott College,
Thomas Meissner, Remote Sensing Systems,
James M. Moran, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, and
Edgeworth Westwater, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations of this report nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Martha Haynes, NAS,1 Cornell University. She was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with the standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the authoring committee and the National Academies.
___________________
1 Member, National Academy of Sciences.
Contents
Agenda Item 1.2: Allocations for International Mobile Telecommunications
Agenda Item 1.4: High-Altitude Platform Stations as IMT Base Stations
Agenda Item 1.5: Spectrum Use in the Frequency Band 470-694 MHz in Region 1
Agenda Item 1.9: Review Appendix 27 of the Radio Regulations to Accommodate Digital Technologies
Agenda Item 1.10: Allocations to the Aeronautical Mobile Service
Agenda Item 1.11: Modernizing the Global Maritime Distress System
Agenda Item 1.14: Allocations to the Earth Exploration-Satellite Service in 231.5-252 GHz
Agenda Item 1.15: GSO Earth Stations in Motion in the FSS 12.75-13.25 GHz
Agenda Item 1.16: Non-GSO Earth Stations in Motion
Agenda Item 1.19: FSS 17.3-17.7 GHz in Region 2
Agenda Item 9.1a: Review of Space Weather Sensors
Agenda Item 9.1c: International Mobile Telecommunications Using Fixed Service Allocations
Agenda Item 9.1d: Protection of EESS from Non-GSO FSS
WRC-27 Agenda Item 2.1: The Radiolocation Service at 231.5-275 GHz and 275-700 GHz
WRC-27 Agenda Items 2.2 and 2.3: Ka-Band and V-Band
WRC-27 Agenda Items 2.4, 2.5, and 2.7: 71-76 GHz and 81-86 GHz
WRC-27 Agenda Item 2.6: Space Weather
Dedication
This report is dedicated to the memory of Gail Skofronick-Jackson (1963-2021), whose deep dedication to advancing Earth science and mentoring current and future scientists and engineers serves as an inspiration to all.
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