Acronyms and Abbreviations
AD | artificial downwelling |
AIS | automatic identification system |
ANSI | American National Standards Institute |
aOIF | artificial ocean iron fertilization |
AU | artificial upwelling |
BBNJ | Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction |
BCP | biological carbon pump |
C | carbon |
Ca(HCO3)2 | calcium bicarbonate |
Ca(OH)2 | portlandite or calcium hydroxide |
CaAl2Si2O8 | anorthite |
CAB | coastal area of benefit |
CaCO3 | calcium carbonate or calcite |
CaMg(CO3)2 | dolomite |
CaO | quicklime or calcium oxide |
CBD | Convention on Biological Diversity |
CCBS | Climate, Community, and Biodiversity Standards |
CCS | carbon capture and storage |
CDR | carbon dioxide removal |
CH4 | methane |
CO2 | carbon dioxide |
CO2 (aq) CO32− | aqueous carbon dioxide carbonate ion |
CREATE | Carbon Removal, Efficient Agencies, Technology Expertise |
CWA | Clean Water Act |
CZMA | Coastal Zone Management Act |
DA | domoic acid |
DIC | dissolved inorganic carbon |
DMS | dimethyl sulfide |
DOC | dissolved organic carbon |
DOE | Department of Energy |
EEZ | Exclusive Economic Zone |
EIA | environmental impact assessment |
ENSO | El Niño–Southern Oscillation |
EPA | Environmental Protection Agency |
ESA | Endangered Species Act |
EW | enhanced weathering |
EZ | euphotic zone |
Fe | iron |
Fe2SiO4 | fayalite |
GHGs | greenhouse gases |
GO-SHIP | Global Ocean Hydrographic Investigations Program |
H+ | hydrogen ion |
H2CO3 | carbonic acid |
H2O | water |
HABs | harmful algal blooms |
HCO3- | bicarbonate |
HNLC | high nutrient, low chlorophyll |
IODP | International Ocean Discovery Program |
IOOS | Integrated Ocean Observing System |
IUCN | International Union for Conservation of Nature |
LC/LP | London Convention and London Protocol |
LNLC | low nutrient, low chlorophyll |
Mg(OH)2 | brucite |
Mg2SiO4 | forsterite |
MgCO3 | manganesite |
MgO | periclase/magnesia |
MMPA | Marine Mammal Protection Act |
MPAs | marine protected areas |
MPRSA | Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act |
MSFCMA | Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act |
N | nitrogen |
N2O | nitrous oxide |
NaOH | sodium hydroxide |
NBS | nature-based solutions |
NDC | nationally determined contribution |
NEPA | National Environmental Policy Act |
NETs | negative emissions technologies |
NIMBY | not in my backyard |
NMFS | National Marine Fisheries Service |
NMSA | National Marine Sanctuaries Act |
nOIF | natural ocean iron fertilization |
NPP | net primary productivity |
NPSG | North Pacific Subtropical Gyre |
NRC | National Research Council |
NSTC | National Science and Technology Council |
O2 | oxygen |
OA | ocean alkalinity |
OAE | ocean alkalinity enhancement |
OCCAM | Ocean Circulation and Climate Advanced Modeling |
OCSLA | Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act |
OF | ocean fertilization |
OIF | ocean iron fertilization |
OMF | ocean macronutrient fertilization |
OOI | Ocean Observatories Initiative |
OTEC | ocean thermal energy conversion |
P | phosphorus |
pCO2 | partial pressure of carbon dioxide |
PDO | Pacific Decadal Oscillation |
POC | particulate organic carbon |
REDD+ | Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation |
RHA | Rivers and Harbors Act |
Si | silica |
SLO | social license to operate |
SOD | superoxide dismutase |
TZ | twilight zone |
UNCLOS | United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea |
UNFCCC | United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |
VCS | Verified Carbon Standard |
WHOI | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute |
This page intentionally left blank.