Comments on Catalyzing U.S. World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Activities (2001) / Chapter Skim
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Comments on Catalyzing U.S. World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Activities
Comments on Catalyzing U.S. World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Activities
Pages 1-22
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efforts associated with the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) , the USGCRP Water Cycle Initiative, or the Arctic Climate System Study (ACSYS)
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and Global Changed, "The current situation in the federal government does not sufficiently promote delivery of resources to key research, observational, and technological endeavors that either cross or transcend formal agency responsibilities." 6. Adequate and timely funding of the projects is essential to ensure the success of the WCRP.
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The major sponsoring organizations of the WCP at the international level are the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) , the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP3, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO and the International Cocci!
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exchange information and views between the Committee and national WCRP project leaders in order to reach a better understanding of how individual WCRP projects are being coordinated (national-international and project-to-project) , (23 identify existing or emerging issues and needs that might require more in-depth attention; and (3)
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For example, the cryosphere is a sub-component of the global hydrologic cycle, and consequently both GEWEX and CLIC have many common scientific questions and objectives relating to cryosphere processes in the global and regional energy and water cycles, particularly as they relate to land surface hydrology. However, in addressing the scientific issues, the differences in the major thrusts and the expertise of the two scientific communities will likely lead to different emphases, e.g., time scales and approaches.
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GEWEX serves as the umbrella project for a variety of subprojects focused on data set development and research activities required to address the broad, multidisciplinary objectives of the project. GEWEX has made major contributions to the understanding of the energy and water cycles through the regional and global data sets that have been produced under its auspices, including those of precipitation, clouds, water vapor, radiation, aerosols, and land surface charactertsucs and hydrology (see, e.g., NRC, 199Sc, 1999c)
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The objectives of SPARC are to relate chemical and dynamical processes in the stratosphere including those involving ozone, aerosols, and water vapor to the tropospheric and surface climate, and to coordinate the development and improvement of global numerical models of the stratosphere. Unlike other WCRP projects or, e.g., IGAC International Global Atmospheric Chemistry project, a lower atmosphere SPARC-like project within IGBP)
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The United States has played a leadership role in GEWEX, in part through the development of several data sets, alluded to in the previous section, that are required to describe and diagnose the characteristics of the interlinked global energy and water cycles, e.g., International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project, Global Precipitation Climatology Project, Global Water Vapor Project, as well as several others useful for character/zing land surface and atmospheric conditions.
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A joint U.S. GEWEX/Water Cycle office could redress these concerns, as wed as those pertaining to coordination between GEWEX and the other WCRP projects.
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The particular scientific questions that are being answered by the global data sets per se are of the same ilk as those for each region—describing the nature and volubility of global thermohaline and wind-driven circulation and their concomitant heat and property transports. These data sets have also been used in a number of WOCE regional process experiments that address specific scientific questions such as the detailed mechanisms of ventilation through subduction and convection, thermocline and abyssal mixing rates, abyssal upweDing processes, and formation of water masses such as North Atlantic Deep Water and Labrador Sea Water.
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As noted in that same report, "The current situation in the federal government does not sufficiently promote delivery of resources to key research, observational, and technological endeavors that either cross or transcend formal agency responsibilities," (NRC, 2001~. These deficiencies apply not only to the nation's ability to promote ~ .
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However, as noted in The Science of Regional and Global Change, "The current situation in the federal government does not sufficiently promote delivery of resources to key research, observational, and technological endeavors that either cross or transcend formal agency responsibilities," (NRC, 2001~. Adequate and timely Ending of the projects is essential to ensure the success of the WCRP.
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NRC, 1992. A Decade of I'~ternatio'~al Climate Research: The First Ten Years of the WorId Climate Research Program.
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WCRP, 1984. Scientific Plan for the World Climate Research Programme.
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ACRONYMS ACSYS AIMS BALTEX BASC CROP CLIC CLIVAR COHS CRC CSE DOE ENSO GAME GAPP GCIP GCOS GCSS GEWEX GOALS IACCA ICSU IGAC International Global Atmospheric Chemistry IGBP International Geosphere-Biosphere Program IHDP International Human Dimensions Program IOC IPCC JPS JSC MAGS NAME NAO NASA NCEP NOAA NRC NSF OMB PAGES SGCR SIMAP SPARC SSC SSG TOGA UNEP UNESCO Arctic Climate System Study Analysis, Interpretation, Modeling and Synthesis Baltic Sea Expenment Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period Climate and Cryosphere Climate Variability and Predictability Committee on Hydrologic Science Climate Research Committee Continental Scale Experiment Department of Energy El Nino/Southern Oscillation GEWEX Asian Monsoon Experiment GEWEX Americas Prediction Project GEWEX Continental-Scale International Project Global Climate Observing System GEWEX Cloud System Study Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Inter-Agency Committee on the Climate Agenda International Council for Science Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission Intergovernmental Pane] on Climate Change Joint Planning Staff Joint Scientific Committee Mackenzie GEWEX Study North American Monsoon Experiment North Atlantic Oscillation National Aeronautics and Space Administration National Centers for Environmental Prediction National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Research Council National Science Foundation Office of Management and Budget Past Global Changes Subcommittee on Global Change Research Seasonal-to-Interannual Modeling and Prediction Stratospheric Processes and their Role in Climate Scientific Steering Committee Scientific Steering Group Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere United Nations Environment Programme United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 16
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USGCRP WCP WCRP WEBS WGCM WGNE WMO WOCE United States Global Change Research Program World Climate Programme World Climate Research Programme Water and Energy Budget Study Working Group on Coupled Modeling Working Group on Numerical Experimentation World Meteorological Organization World Ocean Circulation Experiment 17
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assessments of operational and research programs. His diverse research interests include investigations of weather and climate extremes such as floods, droughts, and severe storms; climate variability and change; studies of how weather affects agriculture, water resources, society, and policy; relationships between weather and the insurance industry; ant!
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leads the climate variability and trends group at the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory in Silver Spring, Maryland. Her recent research focuses on observational studies of atmospheric temperature and water vapor changes, climate extremes, and meteorological data quality.
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Dr. Weaver currently serves on the United Nations World Climate Research Program Working Group on Coupled Modeling and the Advisory Committee for Climate Science of the Canadian Climate Program Board.
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Dr. Schultz has directed a number of studies at the NRC, including work pertaining to global change research policy, climate observations, climate modeling, decade-to-century-scale climate research, and the GEWEX program.
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