Storms from the Sun The Emerging Science of Space Weather (2002) / Chapter Skim
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6. The Cosmic Wake-Up Call
6. The Cosmic Wake-Up Call
Pages 93-106
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From page 93... ...
Air Force's Ramey Solar Observatory in Puerto Rico cletectec! a surge of activity just over the Sun's eastern edge, or limb.
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From page 94... ...
The stream of radiation from the explosion lasted 10 hours the norm is perhaps 30 minutes. Solar physicists estimated that the temperature inside the flare reached 20 million degrees Celsius, and more energy was released in those moments than humans have consumed in the entire history of civilization.
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From page 95... ...
a large halo coronal mass ejection; the halo meant that the cloucl was directed at Earth. The SEC predicted that there wouicl be "high activity" on March 12 and 13.
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From page 96... ...
. Geosynchronous satellites that usually fly insicle the protective cocoon of Earth's magnetic field!
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From page 97... ...
In the northeastern Uniter! States, a manufacturer of computer microchips shut clown operations because the magnetic storm was disturbing sensitive instruments.
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From page 98... ...
At Public Service Electric & Gas's nuclear power plant in Salem, New Jersey, a $10 million transformer was damaged beyond repair (see Figure 12~. The extra current coursing through the system heater!
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From page 99... ...
since the 735 kilovolt power system was commissioned." At 2:45 a.m. the storm tripped five power lines from James Bay and caused a loss of 9,450 megawatts of power.
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From page 100... ...
Manicouagan-Outarcles power plants automatically shut themselves clown as clemanc! for power overwhelmed!
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From page 101... ...
electrical engineer who stuclies the effect of geomagnetic storms on power systems for the Canadian Geological Survey. "It was the event that changer!
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From page 102... ...
When a magnetic storm begins, GICs enter ant! exit power systems through grounc!
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From page 103... ...
Van Dyke tallies! the damage the cost of purchasing power from outside utilities to cover the lost power generation, the cost of replacing fries!
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From page 104... ...
the Midwest over "transmission lines operating near their limits." With less spare capacity on the lines, the risk of saturating the system cluring a magnetic storm rises substantially. In aciclition, most power companies across the continent have computerizec!
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From page 105... ...
During testing, according to Kappenman, the system was 95 percent accurate in alerting users to potentially hazardous current-inclucing geomagnetic storms. Time will tell if it works in the real, sunny woricI.
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