The National Challenge in Computer Science and Technology (1988) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction and Summary
1 Introduction and Summary
Pages 1-6
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PartI The Challenge
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Universities and industrial research laboratories perform the basic research that fuels the entire engine; venture companies function as effective agents of early technology transfer; and mature companies develop and market the innovations that achieve widespread acceptance. In the past, government funding has played a key role in lubricating the engine.
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For example, in design, computers offer ever-unproving simulation of industrial products to provide more knowledge of their qualities and performance prior to production, thereby improving product quality and reliability while reducing manufacturing costs. In the office, Attributed systems can save time on projects involving dispersed personnel and can help to soften interdepartmental rigidities by making communication and cooperation easier.
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The second area is that of artificial intelligence and knowledge-based systems: progress is expected in sensory computing, i.e., machine understanding of speech and visual images; in expert systems, which represent and use expert human knowledge in specialized professional domains; in deeper cognitive systems, e.g., machines that can plan, reason, and learn from practice; and in robotics, i.e., intelligent machines that can interact purposefully with the physical world. The third area of anticipated advances is that of theoretical computer science: progress is expected in understanding the laws that govern complex computational phenomena and the limits on what is possible; this fundamental understanding wiD lead to the development of important algorithms and representations.
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The OSTP report called for a broad initiative to further the development and use of computer science and technology and specifically encouraged networking computers in the nation's scientific community. The board will now move to develop more specific recommendations through individual projects of narrower focus.
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