Toward a National Research Network (1988) / Chapter Skim
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4 Issues, Observations, and Recommendations
4 Issues, Observations, and Recommendations
Pages 25-38
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From page 25... ...
The committee believes this emphasis is misleading, since requirements for phase 2 trunk and access transmission rates can be achieved without a special development effort (indeed, industry will probably meet the bandwidth requirements 25
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From page 26... ...
This committee feels that one organization should take the lead in the phase 2 transit service, but a partially centralized administration will not avoid the need for developing much more sophisticated tools for network management, as noted above. Further, moving from today's environment with fragmented responsibility to a single lead organization will be difficult, requiring decisions and changes regarding control, responsibility, authority, funding, and other factors.
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From page 27... ...
Reconsideration of connections, along with the development of faster switching processors, is critical since the OSTP goals in phase 3 are at the edge of what specialized technology might permit in the context of existing architectures. The creation of protocol suites to allow for robust network operation and management at the higher signaling and packet rates is also essential.
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From page 28... ...
Phase 1 is already happening. It is crucial that the proper management functions be put in place rapidly to ensure that the steps being taken fit into the overall NRN goals, particularly with regard to its utility.
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From page 29... ...
Another way to look at the problems created by the absence of market mechanisms is to consider the choice between government°funded and commercial network services. Historically, when an agency of the government has established its own research network, it has usually absorbed all costs for users.
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From page 30... ...
Note that the research funding infrastructure already accommodates voice communications charges; telephone charges are typically covered in research grants. Similarly, research funding accommodates charges for computing resources; obviously, such charges are a relatively recent phenomenon, and they suggest that there should be some flexibility within the research funding environment.
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From page 31... ...
Will the providers be involved from the outset, or will a seed network be developed by the data processing/data communications research community outside of the carrier environment? Answers to such questions will influence the level of effort, funding, and timing of research as well as the ease with which the NRN may be interconnected with other, commercial network services.
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From page 32... ...
The private sector offers experience with and expertise in planning, building, and operating large, reliable data communications networks serving millions of users. Planning elements include the following: o strategic planning o business planning requirements analysis o o preliminary design o REP development o proposal evaluation o final design o implementation o acceptance and testing o system augmentation o operations, administration, and maintenance: -- planning and design -- traffic and circuit analysis -- work order generation -- configuration control -- moves, adds, and changes -- user support -- billing and administration -- fault detection -- failure recovery
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From page 33... ...
Prlvacy consldcratlons lncludc confldcntlsH1y of cats sad messs'cs. Sccurlty pertalas not only 10 proicctlag classlfled laformatlon, but slso to 1he more basic lssucs of protecting data and system lategrlty snd access control Tbc supcrcompuicr ccatcrs, which arc acccssod by users conacctcd to Ethernet systems (ovor w~lcb passwords sre brosdcas1 ln thc clesrt sre particularly vulnerable.
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From page 34... ...
Among the issues that may be counted as political are decisions about how to increase access to smaller research entities (in terms of geographic deployment and in terms of charging schemes -- see above) and decisions about where to bound central, federal control (down to the region level, building on current federal initiatives, or down to local spurs)
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From page 35... ...
2. Research networks at present build on layers of local networks, campus networks, regional networks, and national networks.
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From page 36... ...
The nation would thereby benefit significantly from synergy between commercial offerings and government-sponsored network services. In terms of carrier offerings, the national communications infrastructure is rapidly becoming digital.
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From page 37... ...
Differential pricing would be a key means for sustaining a mix of services, channeling premium services to premium applications.
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