Considerations for Viral Disease Eradication Lessons Learned and Future Strategies: Workshop Summary (2002) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A: Glossary and Acronyms
Appendix A: Glossary and Acronyms
Pages 173-182
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Appendix A Glossary and Acronyms GLOSSARY This glossary is intended to define terms commonly encountered throughout this report as well as some terms that are commonly used in the public health arena. This glossary is not all inclusive.
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Apoptosis: A genetically cletermined process of intracellular cell destruction postulated to exist and to be activated by a stimulus or by the removal of a suppressing agent or stimulus in order to explain the orderly breakdown and elimination of superfluous or unwanted cells (as immune cells targeted against the self in the development of self-tolerance or larval cells in amphibians undergoing metamorphosis) also called programmed cell death.
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Cytokine: A small protein released by cells that has a specific effect on the interactions between cells, on communications between cells or on the behavior of cells. The cytokines include the interieukins, tymphokines and cell signal molecules, such as tumor necrosis factor and the interferons, which trigger inflammation and respond to infections.
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Emerging infections: Any infectious disease that has come to medical attention within the last two decades or for which there is a threat that its prevalence will increase in the near future. Many times, such diseases exist in nature as zoonoses and emerge as human pathogens only when humans come into contact with a formerly isolated animal population, such as monkeys in a rain forest that are no longer isolated because of deforestation.
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~noglobulin G IgM: A class of antibodies of high molecular weight including those that appear early in the immune response to be replaced later by IgG of lower molecular weight, are capable of binding complement, and do not cross the placenta also called immunogiab?
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NCID conducts surveillance, epidemic investigations, epidemiological and laboratory research, training, and public eclucation programs to develop, evaluate, and promote prevention and control strategies for infectious diseases. Neurovirulence: The tendency or capacity of a microorganism to cause disease of the nervous system.
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: An abnormal condition in which the ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth. Prions: A newly discovered type of disease-causing agent, neither bacterial nor fungal nor viral, and containing no genetic material.
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: It is the lead medical research laboratory for the U.S. Biological Defense Research Program which conducts research to develop strategies, products, information, procedures, and training programs for medical defense against biological warfare threats and naturally occurring infectious diseases that require special containment.
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to humans. ACRONYMS AFP acute flaccid paralysis BRC Biological Resource Centers BW 1 C Biological Weapons and Toxins Convention DMORT Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Team DPT diptheria-pertussis-tetanus EMTALA Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act EPI Expancled Programme on Immunization GAVI Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization GIDs global immunization days IHR International Health Regulations TCAHO Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Health Care Organi zations Joint Information Center loins Operations Center JIC JOC MMR NIDs PCR SIV TNF measles- mumps-rubella I
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~2 VAPP OVER MA COO FOR ~~[ D~ [~4D1~ON vaccine-associated paralytic poliovirus ~~ Epide~io/~' Record World Health Assembly
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