Biographical Memoirs Volume 81 (2002) / Chapter Skim
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Klaus Hofman
Klaus Hofman
Pages 116-135
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From page 117... ...
with her son to SwitzeriancI, where he was to remain until a Rockefeller Foundation Fellowship brought him to the Unitecl States in 1938 at the age of 27.
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At the boarding school he attenclecl in SwitzerIancl he became a close friend of his natural history teacher, Hans Noll, who profoundly influencec! his subsequent education.
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During a second fellowship year, the Swiss army was mobilizer! in response to the beginning of WorIcl War II, and as an artillery officer Hofmann reported to the Swiss consulate en cl prepared to set sail.
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clean for research, Herbert Longenecker, was given the task of remedying that situation. He hired Hofmann en cl several other young scientists as assistant research professors for the express purpose of builcling a research component in the natural sciences.
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During his first eight years at Pittsburgh, Hofmann rose from assistant research professor of chemistry to chairman
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By 1960, applying his newly developed methocis, Hofmann en cl his research group were able to synthesize a peptide from the constituent amino acids corresponding to the sequence of the first 23 amino acids of natural ACTH en cl show that it, too, hacl full biological activity. At approximately the same time a group in the Yale meclical school lee!
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From page 123... ...
that species variation in the sequence of ACTH occurred outside the minimal sequence essential for full biological activity en cl clesignatec! the amino acids in these portions of the peptize "filler sequences." By synthesizing peptides in which the chain of the fully active ACTH 23 was systematically shortened en cl peptizes in which specific amino acids were replacecI, he hopecl to distinguish two classes of amino acicis, those whose replacement or elimination resultecl in climinishecl activity en c!
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Using the S-pepticle/S-protein moclel, he en c! his colleagues synthesized dozens of analogs to test the contributions that specific amino acid sicle chains macle to noncovalent interactions in proteins.
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The opportunity to test these ideas on an authentic hormone/receptor pair presented itself when techniques became available for isolating highly purified plasma membranes. Hofmann's group prepared adrenal cortical plasma membranes, and the interaction of various ACTH analogs
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Acirenal cortical plasma membranes were clifficult to prepare in large amounts, en cl it hacl not been establishecl that soluble ACTH receptors were still capable of bincling the hormone. Peciro Cuatrecasas hacI, however, shown that soluble insulin receptor retained affinity for insulin, en cl large amounts of the receptor could be prepared from human placenta.
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this student first to a summer lab experience, then to part-time lab employment cluring the school year, en cl finally to a career in biomedical research. Despite Hofmann's creep commitment to his research, his presence was regularly observed at scheclulecl teaching activities in the clinical department of his institution.
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128 B I O G RA P H I C A L EMOIRS month he went to the surgical suite to witness the latest procedures en cl his surgical colleagues were pleasecl that a basic scientist was so cleeply interested in their worIcI. Weekly clinical pathology conferences were also part of his life cluring this en cl later years, en cl he react avicIly on the basic biochemical principles associated with disease.
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Molecular Biology Endocrine Society National Academy of Sciences Sigma XI Swiss Chemical Society HONORS 1962 1963 1981 Pittsburgh Award Election to membership in the National AcacI emy of Sciences Borden Medal Chancellors Medal, University of Pittsburgh 1972 Mellon Lecture, University of Pittsburgh 1976 Senior Scientist Award, Alexancler Von Humboldt Foundation, Bonn, West Germany Third Alan E Pierce Awarcl by the American Pepticle Chemists
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1938-40 Fellow of the Rockefeller Foundation, Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York City (Prof. Max Bergman)
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KLAUS HOFMANN APPOINTMENTS AND POSITIONS 1944 1952 1964 1992 131 Assistant, associate, and research professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Chairman, Biochemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh Professor of experimental medicine en c! clirector of the Protein Research Laboratory, University of Pittsburgh University professor emeritus, University of Pittsburgh EDITORIAL SERVICES 1960-65 Associate member, Eclitorial Board, journal of Biological Chemistry 1974-78 Eclitorial Advisory Board, Journal of the American Chemical Society
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du Vigneaud. Adipic acid as an oxidation product of the diaminocarboxylic acid derived from biotin.
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XII. The synthesis of a physiologically active blocked tridecapeptide amide possessing the amino acid sequence of oc-MSH.
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Horstman. Avidin-biotin affinity chromatography: Application to the isolation of human placental insulin receptor.
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