Environmental Cleanup at Navy Facilities Adaptive Site Management (2003) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix B: Remediation Case Studies
Appendix B: Remediation Case Studies
Pages 333-348
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From page 333... ...
Pump-and-Treat Systems City Industries Superfund Site, Orlando, Florida (EPA 542-R-98-0149 This is a former hazardous waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facility where the contaminants of concern include chlorinated solvents and BTEX. Maximum contaminant concentrations detected prior to remediation operation include 1,1-DCE (6,000 age)
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. Although the initial mass removal rate is much larger than its value at later times, the rate does not seem to continually decline as observed at many other pump-and-treat sites; that is, the cumulative mass removal seems to continually increase.
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1 .oQo,0po - ~ .= O ._ .
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the time history of the average chromium concentration measured in the extracted groundwater and the mass removal rate and cumulative mass removed for the (2) upper and (3)
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Appendix B .......................................................................................
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The groundwater containment system consisted of nine recovery wells and a groundwater treatment system. The performance of the containment and free product removal systems are shown below (Figures 17 and IS, respectively, from the report)
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increases over time. (The large marginal costs at the start are due to the low effectiveness of the free product recovery system at early time, as previously mentioned in relation to Figure 18~.
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As part of regular operations at the Sacramento Army Depot, a variety of wastes were generated. The Burn Pits Operable Unit was the location of two rectangular trenches constructed in the late 1950s and used intermittently as incineration pits until 1966.
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More than 80 percent of the total mass was removed during the first 42 days of operation. Soil borings collected in September 1995 after the system was shut down confirm that the average concentrations of each of the three target compounds were less than the cleanup standards set in the ROD.
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~' PCE, and I,2-~E Intersi1/~/Siemens Superfund Site, Cupertino, CA (EPA 542-R-98-0129 At this site, TCE contamination of soil and groundwater was caused by leaks and spills of solvents used in semiconductor manufacturing. In order to address soil contamination, an interim SVE system consisting of four vertical extraction wells began operating in May 198S, and as part of the final remedy specified in the ROD this system was expanded in May 1991 to include three additional wells.
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An enhanced thermal recovery process was selected for removal of free-phase coal tar from the subsurface soils. The Contained Recovery of Oily Waste (CROW)
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The CROW ™ system was in operation from m December 1994 until June 1996, when the EPA determined that the performance standard had been met. Innovative Technologies There are a number of case studies that considered technologies such as permeable reactive barriers (PRBs)
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Although it appears that the treatment wall has a lower mass removal rate than the pump-and-treat system, the former technology is passive and should be less costly over the long term. Also, use of the treatment wall had the added benefit of allowing sale/lease of the property.
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There was no documentation provided regarding what portion of the removal could be attributed to in situ bioremediation. A modeling study conducted in 1995 demonstrated that natural attenuation would reduce contaminant concentrations below the remedial goals within ten years after shut down of the system.
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Appendix B 347 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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