Large-Scale Biomedical Science Exploring Strategies for Future Research (2003) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-11
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The Human Genome Project is the biggest and best-known largescale biomedical research project undertaken to date. Another project of that size is not likely to be launched in the near future, but many other
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grants Larger, more complex management structure More oversight by Finders Multi-investigator and multi-institutional More dependent on technical staff Often funded through solicited cooperative agreements More discipline-oriented ~ Often interdisciplinary Takes advantage of infrastructure and technologies generated by large-scale projects May or may not involve bioinformatics Develops scientific research capacity, infrastructure, and technologies Data and outcome analysis highly dependent on bioinformatics FIGURE ES-1 The range of attributes that may characterize scientific research. There is no absolute distinction indeed there is much overlap between the characteristic of small- and large-scale research.
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Ideally, large-scale and small-scale research should complement each other and work synergistically to advance the field of biomedical research in the long term. For example, many large-scale projects generate hypotheses that can then be tested in smaller research projects.
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) should develop a more open and systematic method for assessing important new research opportunities emerging from the scientific community in which a large-scale approach is likely to achieve the scientific goals more effectively or efficiently than traditional research efforts.
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It can be costly and difficult for investigators to maintain reagents produced through large-scale projects and to share them with the research community. Licensing strategies can affect the availability of research tools produced by and used for large-scale research projects.
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- Phase-out funding could enable investigators to downsize over a period of 2-3 years. Recommendation 3: NCI and NIH, as well as other federal funding agencies that support large-scale biomedical science, should commission a thorough analysis of their recent large-scale initiatives once they are well established to determine whether those efforts have been effective and efficient in achieving their stated goals and to aid in the planning of future large-scale projects.
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But if qualified individuals, especially at the doctoral level, are expected to participate in such undertakings, they must have sufficient incentives to take on the risks and responsibilities involved. In particular, effective administrative management and committed scientific leadership are crucial for meeting expected milestones on schedule and within budget; thus the success of a large-scale project is greatly dependent upon the skills and knowledge of the scientists and administrators who manage it, including those within the federal funding agencies.
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· It is important to establish guiding principles for such issues as equitable pay and benefits, job stability, and potential for advancement to avoid relegating these valuable scientists and managers to a "second-tier" status. Federal agencies should provide adequate funding to universities engaged in large-scale biomedical research projects so that these individuals can be sufficiently compensated for their role and contribution.
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This obstacle could be reduced if NIH provided such funds for large-scale research projects. Recommendation 5: NIH should draft contracts with industry to preserve reagents and other research tools and distribute them to the scientific community once they have been produced through large-scale projects.
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· Depending on the findings of the proposed study, NIH should promote licensing practices that facilitate broad access to research tools by issuing licensing guidelines for NIH-funded discoveries. In addition to the role of federal funding agencies, the committee considered the role of industry and philanthropies in conducting largescale biomedical research.
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Following the recommendations presented here could facilitate a move toward a more open, inclusive, and accountable approach to large-scale biomedical research, and help strike the appropriate balance between large- and small-scale research to maximize progress in understanding and controlling human disease.
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