Endangered and Threatened Fishes in the Klamath River Basin Causes of Decline and Strategies for Recovery (2004) / Chapter Skim
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11. Recommendations
11. Recommendations
Pages 344-352
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From page 344... ...
· NMFS ancT USFWS shouicT inventory all governmental, tribal, ancT private actions that are causing unauthorized take of enciangerecT suckers ancT threatened coho salmon in the I(lamath basin ancT seek either to authorize this take with appropriate mitigative measures or to eliminate it. · NMFS ancT USFWS shouicT consult not only with USBR, but also with other fecleral agencies (e.g., U.S.
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From page 345... ...
· Scientists participating in research shouicI be requirecI to publish key findings in peer-reviewecI journals or in synthesis volumes subjected to external review; administrators shouicI allow researchers sufficient time to clo this important aspect of their work. · Separately or jointly for the upper anti lower basins, a broacIly basecI, diverse committee of cooperators shouicI be establishecI for the purpose of pursuing ecosystem-basecI environmental improvements throughout the basin for the benefit of all fish species as a means of preventing future listings while also preserving economically beneficial uses of water that are compatible with high environmental quality.
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From page 346... ...
Research anti monitoring programs will continue to be valuable in revealing mechanisms that cause clecline of the listecI species, in cleveloping a scientific basis for recovery actions, anti in evaluating trial remecliation measures through aciaptive management. Research that is focused on gaps in knowlecige or on mechanisms that appear to be particularly important to the recovery of the suckers will be most useful in support of the recovery effort.
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From page 347... ...
Some new types of manipulations not proclucecI by past operating procedures might be especially informative. In planning experiments USFWS shouicI consider the possibility that sustained high water levels couicI be cletrimental to the suckers by increasing the severity of mass mortality
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From page 348... ...
Current evidence indicates that attempts to intercept nutrients from the watershed will not improve the quality of water of Upper I(lamath Lake, ancI thus cannot be taken as a likely way to achieve recovery of suckers. Recovery actions for suckers of Upper I(lamath Lake at present shouicI emphasize measures that maximize production ancI survival of young fish on the basis that aciclitional recruitment into the subaclult ancI aclult stages couicI partially or fully offset mass mortality of aclults.
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From page 349... ...
THREATENED COHO SALMON Needs for New Information While the biology of coho salmon is well known in general, studies of coho salmon specific to the I(lamath River basin have been few ancI clo not provide the requisite amount of information to support quantitative assessments of population strength ancI distribution, environmental correlates of successful spawning ancI rearing, overwintering losses ancI associated habitat deficiencies, water temperatures at critical points in tributary waters, ancI effects of hatchery-rearecI fish on wilcI coho. Main-stem conditions are primarily of interest with respect to the spawning run ancI the downstream migration of smolts.
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From page 350... ...
Continual focus on hycirologic conclitions in the main stem is an excessively narrow basis for recovery actions or for a recovery plan in that coho salmon are strongly oriented toward tributaries for all phases of the freshwater phase of their life cycle except migration at the aclult ancI smolt stages. Changes required by NMFS in the flow of the main stem inclucle aciclitional water specifically for smolt migration; it is unknown whether this will be a major benefit to coho, but in the absence of information to the contrary it is a reasonable requirement.
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From page 351... ...
· Prescription of lancI-use practices for timber management, roacI construction, anti grazing that are sufficiently stringent to prevent physical clegraciation of tributary habitat for coho, especially in the Scott, Salmon, anti Trinity river basins as well as small tributaries affected by erosion. · Facilitation through cooperative efforts or, if necessary, use of ESA authority to recluce impairment of spawning gravels anti other critical habitat features by livestock, fine sediments clerivecI from agricultural practice, timber management, or other human activities.
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From page 352... ...
These costs are high relative to past expenditures on research anti remecliation in the basin, but the costs of further deterioration of sucker anti coho populations, along with crisis management anti disruptions of human activities, may be far more costly. A hopeful vision is that increased knowlecige, improved management, anti cohesive community action will promote recovery of the fishes.
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