Health and Medicine Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century (2004) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix E: Reports From the Breakout Session Groups
Appendix E: Reports From the Breakout Session Groups
Pages 46-62
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From page 46... ...
When breakout groups reported votes for prioritizing their conclusions, the votes are shown parenthetically in this section. SESSION 1: DISCOVERY What major discoveries or advances related to health and medicine have been made in the chemical sciences during the last several decades?
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From page 47... ...
Medical diagnostics for prediction, detection, and distribution of disease Magnetic imaging Noninvasive imaging Contrast imaging Laser applications Biosensors Real-time analytical analysis Diagnostics Development of new molecular separations techniques for analysis, identification, and processing · Separations technology Cellular signaling (9 votes) Green Group Report · Understanding signal transduction · Intracellular sensors of biomolecules (GFP)
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From page 48... ...
· Asymmetric synthesis · Chemoenzymatic synthesis · Templated synthesis · Oligosaccharide chemistry Combinatorial methods (2 votes) · Molecular synthesis · High-throughput crystallization · Protein engineering · Nucleic acid engineering
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· Development of computer-aided experimentation · Development of structure-based drug design Molecular amplification (4 votes) · Recombinant DNA technology · PCR Analytical tools (13 votes)
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· Selective chemical reactions · Asymmetric synthesis and catalysis · Synthesis on solid support · Combinatorial chemistry Biomaterials (2 votes) Synthetic membranes Biocompatible materials Controlled drug release Tissue engineering, use of Plastics Disposable APPENDIX E
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· Homogeneous glycoprotein manufacturing · Understanding cell surface · New chemical types (natural products) · Proteomics and metabolomics Genotype and phenotype correlations Understanding neural pathways Information science, computer science, and mathematics (6 votes)
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· New vaccines Green Group Report Cultural barriers at the interfaces (5 votes) · Process versus discovery versus hypothesis-driven research · Challenge: Chemists as part of a team · Common standards for biological data · Mechanism versus function or property Translational medicine (3 votes)
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. Red Group Report Early detection of cancer Personalized medicine Health sensors Near real-time diagnostics in a primary care setting Biosignatures Predictive mass spectometry Non-invasive sensor development Environmental and biohazard sensing Medical delivery and medical ethics Macromolecular complexes (8 votes)
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· Mechanical engineering · Electrical engineering · Physics Agricultural science: Safe new crops, pest-resistance (2 votes) · Veterinary medicine · Entomology · Botany · Agronomy · Environmental science Defining Protein Function (1 vote)
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Blue Group Report Viral therapies, known and unknown Cancer therapies Gene therapy Personalized medicine Genomic diagnostics Reactive sensors Exploitation of the human genome (6 votes) · Connection of genomics with proteomics · Protein folding · Predictive protein and protein interaction · "PCR" for proteins Interface systems biology with drug discovery (5 votes)
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· Neurodegenerative diseases · Depression, psychoses · New mechanisms for pain control Green Group Report Controlled drug delivery to the site of action (5 votes) Pure air and water for the world (5 votes)
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Red Group Report Curing disease (10 votes) · Host and microflora interactions: Relationship to chronic disease · Curing viral diseases · Prevention and cure of degenerative diseases · Gene therapy: Making it work · Smart nanoscale materials: Trigger delivery · Functional cell surface modification · Example: Drug targeting Higher understanding of noncovalent interactions (7 votes)
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· Resource allocation · Chemical literacy for all · Global accessibility to medicine · Low cost, abundant · Increased agricultural productivity Human surrogates for pharmaceutical testing (2 votes) · Engineered tissue · Computer modeling · Understanding mechanism of differentiation and development Yellow Group Report Disease cures (12 votes)
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SESSION 4: INFRASTRUCTURE 59 What are the issues at the intersection of health and medicine and the chemical sciences for which there are structural challenges and opportunities in teaching, research, equipment and instrumentation, facilities, and personnel ? Blue Group Report Need to evaluate funding model · "One size does not fit all" · Balance between single investigator and project grants · Need more capital investment · Better access to core facilities Education and training · Need 21st century undergraduate curriculum · Breadth and depth; need to assure talent pipeline (recruitment, diversity)
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—Support for industrial and government internships Facilities Grant surcharge for facilities support Central repository of instrument parts Yellow Group Report Information exchange (7 votes) · Realization of the need to collaborate · Positive academia and industry interactions (spin offs)
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· Promotion of chemical science to the general public · More involvement to improve K-12 science education Equipment and facilities (4 votes) More access to state of the art instrumentation Effective maintenance and access to shared facilities —Remote access Hands-on access to large-scale facilities Research (1 vote)
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