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Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate (2005) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix C: Predictions of Daily Water and Sodium Requirements
Pages 485-493

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From page 485...
... ANALYSIS As shown in the example, the environmental, physiological, and individual information was inputted into the model. For any given individual, physiological, or environmental condition, the model predicted expected water losses.
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From page 486...
... • Environmental – Partly cloudy day – Wind speed = 1 m/sec – Relative humidity = 50% – Outdoor – Water vapor pressure = 19.094 mm Hg – Load = 0 kg – Dry bulb temperature = 30°C – Black globe temperature = 45°C • Physiological – Skin body temperature = 35.0°C – Rectal body temperature = 36.5°C – Initial heart rate = 60 bpm – Rest (N) – Exposure I = 720 min (= 12 h)
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From page 487...
... lost due to sweating as a function of dry bulb temperature and level of physical activity derived from modeling data (Table C-1)
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From page 488...
... The y-axis represents the predicted water requirements that increase because of increased sweat losses to enable thermoregulation. The x-axis is the average daytime dry bulb temperature.
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From page 489...
... 1995. Valida tion and adjustment of the mathematical prediction model for human rectal temperature responses to outdoor environmental conditions.
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From page 490...
... Predicted Sweating Rates (mL/h) Air Tdb Rh Rest Light Mod Hard 10 50 32 100 355 628 15 50 65 204 456 722 20 50 108 339 618 911 25 50 151 473 763 1,069 30 50 201 629 938 1,263 35 50 265 829 1,168 1,524 40 50 361 1,129 1,524 1,934 12 h Scenario Air Rest Light Mod Hard Kcal Water Loss 10 0.95 0.05 0 0 1,006.8 425 15 0.95 0.05 0 0 1,006.8 867 20 0.95 0.05 0 0 1,006.8 1,440 25 0.95 0.05 0 0 1,006.8 2,009 30 0.95 0.05 0 0 1,006.8 2,672 35 0.95 0.05 0 0 1,006.8 3,522 40 0.95 0.05 0 0 1,006.8 4,796 WBGT Rest Light Mod Hard Kcal Water Loss 9.9 0.7 0.25 0.05 0 1,570 782 14.2 0.7 0.25 0.05 0 1,570 1,434 18.8 0.7 0.25 0.05 0 1,570 2,299 23.1 0.7 0.25 0.05 0 1,570 3,148 27.4 0.7 0.25 0.05 0 1,570 4,141 31.7 0.7 0.25 0.05 0 1,570 5,416 36.2 0.7 0.25 0.05 0 1,570 7,336
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From page 491...
... 491 APPENDIX C Hard A:J13 khard A:E7 klight A:E5 kmod A:E6 krest A:E4 light A:H13 mod A:I13 Rest A:G13 sr A:E13.I20 WBGT A:F13 ttl kcal ttl water loss 1,918.8 1.4 35 23 1,147 1,918.8 2.4 35 23 1,905 1,918.8 2.9 35 23 2,367 1,918.8 3.5 35 23 2,825 1,918.8 4.2 35 23 3,358 1,918.8 5.0 35 23 4,042 1,918.8 6.3 35 23 5,068 ttl kcal ttl water loss 2,481.5 2.3 35 23 1,837 2,481.5 2.9 35 23 2,362 2,481.5 3.8 35 23 3,058 2,481.5 4.6 35 23 3,742 2,481.5 5.6 35 23 4,541 2,481.5 6.9 35 23 5,568 2,481.5 8.8 35 23 7,113 continued
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From page 492...
... 492 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES TABLE C-1 Continued WBGT Rest Light Mod Hard Kcal Water Loss 9.9 0.65 0.15 0.15 0.05 2,020 1,445 14.2 0.65 0.15 0.15 0.05 2,020 2,130 18.8 0.65 0.15 0.15 0.05 2,020 3,115 23.1 0.65 0.15 0.15 0.05 2,020 4,047 27.4 0.65 0.15 0.15 0.05 2,020 5,148 31.7 0.65 0.15 0.15 0.05 2,020 6,578 36.2 0.65 0.15 0.15 0.05 2,020 8,754 WBGT Rest Light Mod Hard Kcal Water Loss 9.9 0.45 0.25 0.2 0.1 2,666 2,078 14.2 0.45 0.25 0.2 0.1 2,666 2,925 18.8 0.45 0.25 0.2 0.1 2,666 4,179 23.1 0.45 0.25 0.2 0.1 2,666 5,350 27.4 0.45 0.25 0.2 0.1 2,666 6,741 31.7 0.45 0.25 0.2 0.1 2,666 8,552 36.2 0.45 0.25 0.2 0.1 2,666 11,316
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From page 493...
... 493 APPENDIX C ttl kcal ttl water loss 2,931.9 2.9 35 23 2,371 2,931.9 3.6 35 23 2,922 2,931.9 4.6 35 23 3,715 2,931.9 5.5 35 23 4,465 2,931.9 6.6 35 23 5,352 2,931.9 8.1 35 23 6,503 2,931.9 10.3 35 23 8,254 ttl kcal ttl water loss 3,578 3.6 35 23 2,881 3,578 4.4 35 23 3,562 3,578 5.7 35 23 4,572 3,578 6.9 35 23 5,515 3,578 8.2 35 23 6,634 3,578 10.1 35 23 8,091 3,578 12.8 35 23 10,317
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Key Terms

  • bulb temperature
  • dry bulb
  • daily water
  • dietary reference
  • water loss

  • reference intakes
  • prediction model
  • expenditure levels
  • sodium requirements
  • physical activity

  • water requirements
  • body temperature
  • activity derived
  • outdoor environmental
  • approximate daily

  • mathematical prediction
  • lost due
  • modeling data
  • using sigma
  • plotted using

  • sigma plot
  • predicted water
  • sweat losses
  • heat strain
  • empirical model

  • sweat rate
  • acclimated person
  • predict sweating
  • environmental condition
  • human rectal


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