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Keynote Address: Women in Science and Medicine
Pages 21-27

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From page 21...
... Dr. Antman, director of the comprehensive cancer center at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center and the Wu Professor of Medicine and chief of medical oncology, has developed a number of now-standard regimens for the treatment of certain forms of cancer, has developed high-dosage chemotherapy regimens for high-risk breast cancer, and is testing various strategies of bone marrow or stem cell transplantation to replace immune stem cells lost during high-dosage chemotherapy.
From page 22...
... Clones which overproduced stress proteins, heat shock protein 70, were passed over "friends and family members" columns, and such selected full professors shared striking phenotypes: the inability to judge the time required to complete bench work and the belief that all of their ideas constituted good thesis projects. Over expression of these selected gene products may speed evolution of graduate students to full professor.
From page 23...
... As for whether women may underestimate their qualifications, what might be the evidence for that? An interesting Project Access was partially reviewed in Science in 1996.1 The authors interviewed a variety of men and women in medicine and science in academic medical centers, and found that 70 percent of the men thought they had above-average ability compared with 50 percent of the women.
From page 24...
... By publishing In a Different Voice, I believe Gilligan established that there are just differences in the rules that women and men follow. Promotion at academic medical centers is generally based on independence.
From page 25...
... Therefore, if you're teaching a class and you're a female and you're aware of these data, you probably should be calling on women occasionally in the early male-dominated discussion, just to start mixing it up a little bit. Then when women start interrupting women, you probably need to interrupt that pattern and, say, let the last speaker finish.
From page 26...
... Whether they succeed depends on the sophistication of the woman's boss. Professional Societies How can professional societies help?
From page 27...
... Questions and Answers Participant: I was curious about evaluating the programs of the professional societies. Do you have measurable standards to determine how things have improved relative to having breakfasts and mentoring programs, or do you do a survey now and three years from now to really understand the impact of which programs are most effective?


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