Modernization of the Public Land Survey System (1982) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 52-77
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From page 52... ...
This data base was obtained from digitizing USGS topographic maps (see Chapter 3~. This PLSS coordinate data base will be used as control information for matching LMIS data with data captured from other maps.
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From page 53... ...
Our research indicates that the preservation and perpetuation of the U.S. Public Land Survey System is an important function and responsibility of government, which, to date, it has failed to meet." In addressing this failure by government to maintain and modernize the PLSS, the report identified three major concerns that hinder the restoration or affect the long-term usefulness of remonumentation.
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From page 55... ...
. o WISCONSIN COORDINATE SYSTEM, SOUTH ZONE 1 0000 FEET 3000 DIETERS GENERATED 01/24/82 ~ WESTPORT LAND RECORDS PROJECT Cam ad S~hg probe: UP COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL AND UFE SCIENCES en_ ~ _ ~ 08__ ~ 1_ __ U
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From page 56... ...
As there is much interspersed or interface land, and as the public lands represent a major portion of the United States, establishing coordinates for the PLSS corners would increase the value of the PLSS as a base of reference for the rest of the country. State and local governments would also benefit in the establishment of PLSS coordinates upon new federal land acquisitions, transfers, or protracted transfers.
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From page 57... ...
Geodetic coordinates for each PASS monument so that the PrSS network can be incorporated into a spatial fiamework to which resource and cadastral records could then be referenced. 5.2.3 Wisconsin as a State Example Even though Wisconsin is in a patented status, the potential benefits of modernizing the PLSS are of particular significance in the state's nonurban areas and its areas characterized by an interspersed pattern of federal and private land ownership (interface lands)
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From page 58... ...
Based solely on these figures, it may seem as though modernizing the PLSS on federal lands in Wisconsin would be of limited benefit to state and local government. An investigation of interspersed federal and private ownership within a portion of the Nicolet National Forest suggests contrary evidence.
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From page 59... ...
T36 N 59 \\\\\\ NICOLET NATIONAL FOREST EXTERIOR BOUNDARY TOWNSHIP RANGE LINES PRIVATE LAND HOLDINGS IN NATIONAL FOREST FOREST COUNTY SECTION CORNER REMONUMENTATION U.S. FOREST SERVICE SURVEYED CORNER FIGURE 5.3 Four-township area of Nicolet National Forest in Forest County, Wiscons~n, land ownership compared with PLSS section corner remonumentation.
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From page 60... ...
However, there are enough indicators to support the fact that extensive data bases are being developed and used. 5.3.1 Private Data Bases Activity ranges from Phillips Petroleum's development of an extensive digital PLSS system to private engineering firms' development of automated digital parcel files based on the PUSS for small midwestern communities.
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From page 61... ...
In another use and application of a PLSS coordinate system, this same engineering firm combined the Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission quarter-section corner state plane coordinate data base with a parcel file and with the electric and telephone distribution system. The digitally produced data base and map were sold to a TV cable company for planning their overall cable system network and determining which existing pole would serve each potential customer.
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From page 62... ...
5~4 RESPONSIBILITY FOR MODERNIZING THE PUBLIC LAND SURVEY SYSTEM The USGS, in constructing a digital cartographic data base, which includes PLSS data, is creating a national resource. The USGS'S responsibility, however, is limited to collecting the PLSS data to mapping standards that, for 1:24,000-scale mapping, yield a point accuracy of 40 ft.
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From page 63... ...
Sections 54, 55, and 56 of the United States Code Annotated, Title 43, Public Lands explain the Act of June 12, 1840, Statute 384. It provides for discontinuance of each state's Surveyor General Office and transferred the PLSS records and the responsibility for final determination position and boundary disputes to the states (Wilcox, 1982~.
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From page 64... ...
As the basis for developing a relevant, useful, and integrated set of cooperative institutional mechanisms, the Secretary of the Interior should be responsible for coordinating, sponsoring, and conducting a series of meetings with organizations that can represent state and local government, such as the Council of State Governments, the National Association of County Officials, the State Conference of Governors, and the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping and its affiliated state societies including the American Association of State Surveyors. This group would be responsible for overall development and implementation of a modern Public Land Survey System.
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From page 65... ...
and the township, section, and quarter-section corners. These interests are recognized to be large and complex because of the extensive areas of federal land ownership, the vast resources, and the often complex spatial pattern of fractured rights and easements.
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From page 66... ...
The goals of the multipurpose cadastre and the concommitant tasks of integrating spatial data files led the Committee to conclude that a program is needed that goes well beyond mere maintenance to include modernization of the PASS. This modernization program would take full advantage of the accuracy achievements together with the time and cost economies of the emerging positioning technology to establish precise coordinates for monumented PLSS corners.
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From page 67... ...
The Committee recommends that responsibility for establishing and maintaining a national digital coordinate Public Land Survey System (PLssJ data base be placed with the Bureau of Land Management in cooperation with the National Geodetic Survey. This file should include data on the source and estimated accuracy of each position.
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From page 68... ...
J., A unified approach for mapping in Prince William County, Virginia, Bulletin, American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, Falls Church, Virginia (1980)
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From page 69... ...
F., Report on land registration and information service (LRIS) Maritime Provinces, Canada, in Land Data Systems, Now-MOLDS, Proceedings of the Second MOLDS Conference, Washington, D.C.
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From page 70... ...
These limits of accuracy shall apply in all cases to positions of well-defined points only. Well-defined points are those that are easily visible or recoverable on the ground, such as the following: monuments or markers, such as bench marks, property boundary monuments; intersections of roads, railroads, etc.; corners of large buildings or structures (or center points of small buildings)
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From page 71... ...
. Bureau of Land Management, Surveying Our Public Lands, Berntsen Cast Products, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin (1980)
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J., Critical inertial system characteristics for land surveying, Proceedings First International Symposium on Inertial Technology for Surveying and Geodesy, The Canadian Institute of Surveying, Ottawa, Canada, pp.
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From page 73... ...
Public Land Survey System, Wisconsin Department of Administration, Madison, Wisconsin (1978)
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From page 74... ...
J., Bureau of Land Management, personal communication (1981)
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