Frontiers of Engineering Reports on Leading-Edge Engineering from the 2004 NAE Symposium on Frontiers of Engineering (2005) / Chapter Skim
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Designing Socially Intelligent Robots--Cynthia Breazeal
Designing Socially Intelligent Robots--Cynthia Breazeal
Pages 123-130
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From page 123... ...
The idea of lifelike machines appears in Homer's Iliad when Hephaistos, the god of metalsmiths, fashions mechanical helpers -- strong, vocal, intelligent maidens of gold. The idea surfaces again in medieval times in the Jewish legend of the Golem, a robot-like servant made of clay brought to life by Rabbi Loew to save the Jews of Prague.
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From page 124... ...
. A visionary Walt Disney applied robotic technology to entertainment for the earliest physically animated performers, such as the famous Abraham Lincoln audio-animatronic that debuted at the 1964 New York World's Fair.
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From page 125... ...
These robots shall "have human characteristics, such as being agile, warm and kind and also intelligent enough to skillfully operate a variety of devices in the area of personal assistance, care for the elderly, manufacturing and mobility." Robotic Trends magazine defines personal-service robots as "robots or robotic technology purchased by individual consumers that educate, entertain, assist, or protect in the home." One of the strongest motivations for the development of personal robots is to provide domestic assistance and care for the elderly. The global demographic trend of rapidly aging societies, in which a smaller working-age population is responsible for supporting a larger retired population, has created an urgent need for robots that can be capable assistants for people in their homes and can supplement the workforce.
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From page 126... ...
have shown that people treat even desktop computers as social entities and adhere to social norms in their interactions with them. In fact, studies demonstrate that it takes surprisingly few cues to elicit social behavior -- a text interface alone is sufficient.
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has studied the beneficial effects of mild, positive affect on a variety of decision-making processes for medical diagnosis tasks (e.g., facilitating memory retrieval; promoting creativity and flexibility in problem solving; and improving efficiency, organization, and thoroughness in decision making)
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From page 128... ...
Just as they do in living creatures, social and emotion-inspired mechanisms can be used to modulate the cognitive systems of the robot to make it function better in a complex, unpredictable environment -- enabling it to make better decisions, to learn more effectively, and to interact more appropriately with others than it could with its cognitive system alone. Therefore, by designing integrated systems for robots with internal mechanisms that complement and modulate their cognitive capabilities with the regulatory, signaling, biasing, and other attention, value assessment, and prioritization mechanisms associated with emotion systems in living creatures, we will effectively be giving robots a system that serves the same useful functions that emotions serve in us -- no matter what we call it.
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From page 129... ...
. Specific research projects in our laboratory are being conducted on how robots with social-emotive capabilities can assist human astronauts in space, perform opposite human actors in film, and serve as learning companions for children.
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From page 130... ...
: 433460. UNECE and IFR (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe and the International Federa tion of Robotics)
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