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Frontiers of Engineering Reports on Leading-Edge Engineering from the 2004 NAE Symposium on Frontiers of Engineering (2005) / Chapter Skim
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Biomimetic Strategies in Vascular Tissue Engineering--Jennifer L. West
Pages 55-64

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
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From page 55...
... . Coronary heart disease caused more than one in every five American deaths in 2000 and required approximately 500,000 coronary artery bypass graft surgeries (CABGs)
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From page 56...
... The intima consists of a monolayer of endothelial cells that prevents platelet aggregation and regulates vessel permeability, vascular smooth muscle cell behavior, and homeostasis. In the medial layer, smooth muscle cells and elastin fibers aligned circumferentially provide most of the vessel's mechanical strength (Wight, 1996)
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From page 57...
... Cell Sources for Vascular Tissue Engineering The development of a functional TEVG is likely to require the construction of an intima and media composed of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Limitations imposed by immunogenicity will probably require that autologous cells be used, so the majority of studies to date have used differentiated smooth muscle and endothelial cells isolated from harvested blood vessels.
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From page 58...
... . A gene therapy strategy has demonstrated that the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered collagen constructs are enhanced by using vascular smooth muscle cells transfected with LO (Elbjeirami et al., 2003)
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From page 59...
... . The elastin-derived peptide VAPG has been shown to be specific for smooth muscle cell adhesion, and PEG hydrogels modified with this adhesive peptide, rather than RGDS, support adhesion and the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells but not fibroblasts or platelets (Gobin and West., 2003)
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From page 60...
... This research has demonstrated the importance of including cyclic strain during the fabrication of vascular tissue, particularly with respect to ECM synthesis and tissue organization. For example, smooth muscle cells seeded on purified elastin membranes and exposed to two days of cyclic stretching (10 percent beyond resting length)
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From page 61...
... Nevertheless, this technology shows a great deal of promise for the production of a blood vessel substitute with the necessary mechanical and biochemical components. CONCLUSION Although a great deal of progress has been made on the creation of TEVGs, many challenges remain -- particluarly preventing thrombosis and improving the mechanical properties of the graft.
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From page 62...
... 1994. Transforming growth factor 1 stimulates type V collagen expression in bovine vascular smooth muscle cells.
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From page 63...
... 1999. Polymeric biomaterials with degradation sites for proteases involved in cell migration.
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Key Terms

  • muscle cells
  • materials research
  • extracellular matrix
  • tissue engineering
  • biomedical materials

  • vascular tissue
  • lysyl oxidase
  • muscle cell
  • vascular smooth
  • arterial smooth

  • stimulates type
  • cultured vascular
  • engineered smooth
  • photopolymerized hydrogels
  • growth factor

  • mechanical proper
  • five american
  • cell adhesive
  • engineered constructs
  • collagen expression

  • matrix production
  • artery bypass
  • leading cause
  • cyclic stretching
  • matrix components

  • increases extracellular
  • synthetic extracellular
  • american deaths
  • genetically engineered
  • transforming growth


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