Designing Nanostructures at the Interface between Biomedical and Physical Systems Conference Focus Group Summaries (2005) / Chapter Skim
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Build a Cell-Chip Interface to Sense Response to Drug Leads and Toxins
Build a Cell-Chip Interface to Sense Response to Drug Leads and Toxins
Pages 31-38
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From page 31... ...
The Problem Some issues relating to the development of cellular scale detection methods and models include the following: · Some biopolymers are present in small numbers in the cell, so that noise due to small sample sizes should be considered (Ref 2)
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Candidate, Print Journalism, Annenberg School for Communication, University of Southern California Focus group members: · Barbara Baird, Nanobiotechnology Center Director, Nanobiotechnology Center, Cornell University · Nathan Baker, Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University, St. Louis · Mark Banaszak Holl, Professsor, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan · Andrew Barron, Charles W
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Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mississippi State University · Paul Nealey, Professor, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin · Michael Sailor, Professor, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego · Edward (Ted) Sargent, Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto · Philip Szuromi, Supervisory Senior Editor, Science Magazine · Todd Thorsen, Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology · Victor Ugaz, Assistant Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University · Markus Zahn, Thomas and Gerd Perkins Professor of Electrical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Summary Imagine being able to take measurements on a single cell, to get accurate readouts that overcome the immense challenges of low signal outputs and interference, with a precision and an effectiveness that allows for early detection of disease and readily gauges the effectiveness of new drug therapies.
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From page 34... ...
The finicky nature of human cells, along with the challenge of artificially inducing sickness or disease, led some to question the necessity of using human cells at all. "If we can build up an artificial cell, then we won't have any problems delivering nanoprobes," said Dan Luo, an assistant professor of biological and environmental engineering at Cornell University.
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Because the goal of the probe was to detect disease, the group realized that they would first need to know disease expression profiles -- that is, the proteins expressed in diseased cells. But scientists do not know expression profiles of all diseases, especially at the intracellular level.
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A nanoprobe measuring 10 nanometers in diameter would only take up about a billionth of the volume of the average mammalian cell, but because cells have no free space inside, group members pointed out that any volume added to the cytoplasm could have detrimental effects. However, others pointed to the inevitability of invasiveness and advised against dwelling on it.
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From page 37... ...
· Compare the activity profiles of healthy and diseased cells, to identify diseased states of individual cells. While the focus group did not generate a detailed plan of attack-which was not the goal of the conference -- group members learned how their colleagues tackle scientific problems and how to pool knowledge and talents to conduct interdisciplinary research.
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