Biographical Memoirs Volume 86 (2005) / Chapter Skim
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Hiroshi Tamiya
Hiroshi Tamiya
Pages 334-353
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From page 335... ...
Hiroshi Tamiya began his pilgrimage in science to become a medical man. Daunted, however, by the shock of seeing anatomical dissection of human bodies in the Faculty of Medicine, he gave up the study of medicine against the wishes of his late father and selected the course of botany (although he had 335
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From page 336... ...
An unexpected fortune awaited Tamiya in his second year at the Department of Botany of Tokyo University. It was the opportunity to attend the lectures of Professor Keita Shibata, then the most outstanding plant physiologist in Japan.
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From page 337... ...
In the difficult years after the war when Hiroshi's salary, as a professor in the Botany Department of the University of Tokyo, was the equivalent of $50 a month, Nobuko became the major breadwinner for their little family by scheduling French cooking classes for 30 to 50 young ladies in their home, where her kitchen facilities could accommodate 6 to 10 students each day of the week. Hiroshi's enthusiasm for the concepts of Heinrich Wieland in Freiburg and Rene Wurmser in Paris clearly influenced the direction of his research.
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From page 338... ...
FLASHING LIGHT EXPERIMENTS Tamiya continued his investigation of the mechanism of photosynthesis using Chlorella, the alga used by Otto Warburg. The most extensive study involved measuring photosynthesis under intermittent light (1948)
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From page 339... ...
. OXYGEN INHIBITION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS Tamiya's masterful application of the kinetics of photosynthesis had delineated the three processes in "the dark reaction." The 1941 kinetics study of the dark reactions of photosynthesis led to a major publication in 1949 by Tamiya and Huzisige.
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From page 340... ...
MIT physicist Harry Kelly was assigned by the General Headquarters, Supreme Command of Allied Powers, under General MacArthur to its Economic and Scientific Section (Yoshikawa and Kauffman, 1994; Dees, 1997) , which a few weeks before had been embroiled in the embarrassment of the destruction of the cyclotrons of Professor Nishina (laboratory of Niels Bohr)
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From page 341... ...
Finally, Kelly's "Three Musketeers" provided the basis for effective interactions withJapanese scientists and their government. At first there were problems.
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From page 342... ...
The letter sharply criticized Japan's traditional power structure, condemned its "thoughtless and erroneous war" into which these powers had led the nation, and expressed aspirations for a "new Japan which will contribute to the World's Peace and Humanity." Tamiya's letter reflected the views of many progressive intellectuals who believed that in the new democratic postwar order,Japan would demonstrate that a modern
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From page 343... ...
J Robbins, director of the New York Botanical Garden; Royal Wasson Sorenson, head of the department of electrical engineering at the California institute of Technology and past president of the American institute of Electrical Engineers (honored by the Japanese institute of Electrical Engineers who designated Professor Sorensen an honorary member)
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From page 344... ...
I Rabi; organic chemist Roger Adams; metallurgist Zay Jeffries, a vice-president of General Electric and manager of that company's chemical division; and Elvin C
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From page 345... ...
In laboratory experiments Chlorella was grown under diurnal alternation of light and darkness: 12 hours light and 12 hours darkness simulating natural outdoor conditions. It was found that the algal cells grew and divided almost synchronously in the light period, while cellular division took place during the dark period, so that almost all the cells were large at the end of the light period and small at the end of the dark period.
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From page 346... ...
National Committee Roger Revelle's opening address, when Revelle remarked that one of the most gratifying and unexpected outcomes observed after their participation in the international Biological Program was that it made the otherwise strongly individualistic biologists willingly cooperate with each other in recognition of the international and human significance of the project. Tamiya felt that the same was the case in Japan Tamiya criticized the Japanese National Committee for the International Biological Program for having been negligent of fostering young scientists who would pursue and further develop the studies of a similar nature.
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From page 347... ...
Tamiya was the recipient of the Ehrenmitglied der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellshaft and Mitglied der Kaiserische Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher and was a corresponding member of the American Society of Plant Physiologists and the Botanical Society of America. He was elected in 1966 to foreign associate membership in the U.S.
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From page 348... ...
The Tamiyas' talented daughter, Takako Tamiya Horie, has helpfully contributed copies of her father's caricatures. Bowen C
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From page 349... ...
Dees, successor to Harry Kelly at the Scientific and Technical Division, Economic and Scientific Section, General Headquarters, Supreme Command of Allied Powers, and close friend of Hiroshi Tamiya and his family. The caricatures are preserved in the membership files of the National Academy of Sciences and are accessible by members and historians.
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From page 350... ...
In preparation. Constance Hartt and the path of carbon in the sugar cane leaf Cleland, W
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From page 351... ...
Tokyo: Iwanami Publishing. 1931 Eine mathematische Betrachtung uber die Zahlenverhaltnisse der in der "Bibliographic von Aspergillus ~ zusammengestellten Publikationen.
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From page 352... ...
Cytologia FupiJubilee.1133-1138. 1942 Die Atmung, die Garung und die sich daran beteiligenden Enzyme bei Aspergillus oryzue.
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From page 353... ...
1978 Ed. Summary report on the contribution of the Japanese National Committee for the international Biological Programme.
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