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D Chapter 2 Appendix 416
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intake patterns. These target and suggested levels are based on Estimated Energy Requirements (EER)
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For children ages 9 to 13, energy levels for the target patterns were selected at the higher end of the age range to allow for growth spurts during this period. Suggested patterns are the food guidance system daily food intake patterns that are generally appropriate for low active or active individuals for each age and gender group, based on their EER.
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This level represents the best estimate based on limited or uncertain available evidence when it was determined. bThe AI for "total daily water" includes fluids from all foods and beverages consumed, including drinking water.
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This level represents the best estimate based on limited or uncertain available evidence when it was determined.
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31,311a Single 24-hour NHANES III 1988 Ages 2 months and older; 1994 oversampling of Mexican dietary recall and Americans, African Americans, 3-month food ages 2 months5 years, and frequency ages 60 years and older questionnaire; second 24-hour recall on a subsample (~5%) 15,192c CSFII 1989 All ages; oversampling of Two nonconsecutive 1991 low income b; 48 states 24-hour dietary recalls 1 5 , 9 6 8 c; 1994 All ages; oversampling of low Two nonconsecutive CSFII 5,559c 1996, income; ages 09 years; 24-hour dietary 1998 d 50 states recalls 8,604c NHANES 1999 All ages; oversampling of Single 24-hour 2000 e Mexican Americans, African dietary recall, and Americans, ages 1219 years, second recall on a ages 60 years and older, subsample (~10%)
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NFCS = National Food Consumption Survey. IU = International Units.
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Girls Girls Girls and Boys and Boys and Boys Boys Girls 218 25 611 1218 1218 Rank Food Group Years Years Years Years Years % Energy 1 Milk 11.7 15.4 12.4 9.5 8.8 2 Yeast bread 9.3 8.7 9.1 9.8 9.7 3 Cakes/cookies/quick breads/donuts 6.2 5.8 6.4 6.3 6.0 4 Beef 5.7 4.3 5.4 7.0 6.4 5 Ready-to-eat cereal 4.5 5.3 4.8 4.1 3.3 6 Carbonated soft drinks 4.3 2.5 3.2 6.1 6.3 7 Cheese 3.7 3.3 3.4 3.8 4.4 8 Potato chips/corn chips/ popcorn 3.1 2.0 2.9 3.3 4.6 9 Sugars/syrups/jams 3.0 2.6 3.3 3.0 2.9 10 Poultry 2.6 2.8 2.4 2.5 3.2 % Carbohydrate 1 Yeast bread 13.0 12.1 12.7 14.0 13.7 2 Carbonated soft drinks 8.5 4.9 6.1 12.3 12.3 3 Milk 7.9 10.2 8.2 6.6 6.1 4 Ready-to-eat cereal 7.4 8.6 7.9 6.9 5.5 5 Cakes/cookies/quick breads/donuts 7.2 6.6 7.4 7.4 7.1 6 Sugars/syrups/jams 6.0 5.1 6.5 6.1 5.8 7 Fruit drinks 4.3 5.4 4.4 3.5 3.9 8 Pasta 3.9 4.4 4.0 3.2 4.1 9 White potatoes 3.7 3.0 3.8 4.0 4.0 10 Orange/grapefruit juice 2.9 3.0 2.5 3.1 3.5 % Fat 1 Milk 13.8 19.0 15.0 10.7 10.3 2 Beef 9.7 7.3 9.1 11.7 10.6 3 Cheese 7.4 7.1 7.0 7.4 8.8 4 Margarine 6.8 7.5 6.7 7.0 6.0 5 Cakes/cookies/quick breads/donuts 6.6 6.4 6.8 6.7 6.2 Potato chips/corn chips/ 6 popcorn 4.9 3.4 4.5 5.1 7.3 7 Salad dressings/mayonnaise 4.3 2.6 3.7 5.3 6.1 8 Oils 4.2 3.7 4.3 4.2 4.3 9 Yeast bread 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.9 3.9 10 Other fats 3.5 2.8 3.5 3.6 4.1 SOURCE: Subar et al.
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. Reprinted from Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, Vol 17, Block G, Foods contributing to energy intake in the US: Data from NHANES II and NHANES 19992000, Pages 439447, 2004, with permission from Elsevier.
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for U.S. Children and Adolescents, 19712000a Age/Sex NHANES I NHANES II NHANES III NHANES Years 19711974 19761980 19881994 19992000 Both Sexes 12 1,631 1,828 1,983 2,148 35 1,925 2,173 2,594 2,527 611 2,393 2,716 3,164 3,255 Boys 1215 2,923 3,405 4,240 3,858 1619 3,219 4,030 4,904 4,415 Girls 1215 2,094 2,567 3,200 3,034 1619 1,812 2,336 3,160 3,048 aIncludes food sources and sodium used in food preparation but not salt added to food at the table.
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Annu Rev Nutr 24:401431. Enns CW, Mickle SJ, Goldman JD.
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