Dietary Reference Intakes The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements (2006) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 244-253
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From page 244... ...
TABLE 1 Dietary Reference Intakes for Folate by Life Stage Group DRI values (mg /daya) EARb RDAc AId ULe,f males females males females Life stage group NDg 0 through 6 mo 65 7 through 12 mo 80 ND 1 through 3 y 120 120 150 150 300 4 through 8 y 160 160 200 200 400 9 through 13 y 250 250 300 300 600 400h 14 through 18 y 330 330 400 800 400h 19 through 30 y 320 320 400 1,000 400h 31 through 50 y 320 320 400 1,000 51 through 70 y 320 320 400 400 1,000 > 70 y 320 320 400 400 1,000 Pregnancy £ 18 y 600i 520 800 600i 19 through 50 y 520 1,000 Lactation £ 18 y 450 500 800 19 through 50 y 450 500 1,000 a As dietary folate equivalents (DFEs)
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From page 245... ...
PART III: FOLATE 245 FOLATE F olate is a B vitamin that functions as a coenzyme in the metabolism of nucleic and amino acids. Folate is a generic term that includes both the naturally occurring form of the vitamin (food folate or pteroylpolyglutamates)
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From page 246... ...
DRIs: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS 246 FOLATE AND THE BODY Function Folate is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin that functions as a coenzyme in the metabolism of nucleic and amino acids. The term folate refers to two forms: naturally occurring folates in food, referred to here as food folates (pteroylpolyglutamates)
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From page 247... ...
PART III: FOLATE 247 Special Considerations Individuals with increased needs: Intakes of folate higher than the RDA may be needed by women who are carrying more than one fetus, mothers nursing more than one infant, individuals with chronic heavy intake of alcohol, and individuals on chronic anticonvulsant or methotrexate therapy. To reduce the risk of neural tube defects, women able to become pregnant should take 400 mg of folic acid daily from fortified foods, supplements, or both, in addition to consuming food folate from a varied diet.
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From page 248... ...
DRIs: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS 248 related.) Thus, nutrient intake data substantially underestimates the actual cur rent intake.
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From page 249... ...
PART III: FOLATE 249 mg per dose) , it is unlikely that the intake of folate would regularly exceed 1,000 mg/day for members of any life stage or gender group.
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From page 250... ...
DRIs: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS 250 chosen and the amount consumed, 5 servings daily might add 220 mg/day or more of folate from fortified foods (nearly 400 mg DFE/day) to the diet.
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From page 251... ...
PART III: FOLATE 251 TABLE 2 Potential Interactions with Other Dietary Substances Substance Potential Interaction Notes SUBSTANCES THAT AFFECT FOLATE Alcohol Inadequate folate intake Ethanol intake may aggravate folate deficiency in people with chronic by impairing intestinal folate absorption and alcoholism leads to hepatobiliary metabolism and by increasing folate deficiency. renal folate excretion.
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From page 252... ...
DRIs: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS 252 • Headache • Palpitations • Shortness of breath • Atrophic glossitis Special Considerations Coexisting deficiencies: Coexisting iron or vitamin B12 deficiencies may interfere with the diagnosis of folate deficiency. In contrast to folate deficiency, iron defi ciency leads to a decrease in mean cell volume.
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From page 253... ...
PART III: FOLATE 253 DFEs adjust for the nearly 50 percent lower bioavailability of 3 food folate compared with that of folic acid, such that 1 DFE = 1 mg food folate = 0.6 mg of folic acid from fortified food or as a supplement consumed with food = 0.5 mg of folic acid from a supplement taken on an empty stomach. The UL for adults is from fortified foods or supplements.
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