The Fundamental Role of Science and Technology in International Development An Imperative for the U.S. Agency for International Development (2006) / Chapter Skim
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3 Strengthening the Science and Technology Capacity of Developing Countries
3 Strengthening the Science and Technology Capacity of Developing Countries
Pages 63-72
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From page 63... ...
Better application of technologies of broad international interest can improve many aspects of social and economic development -- from pest-resistant crops to less wasteful food processing; from prenatal care and child health to the prevention and treatment of diseases; from reduction of environmental contaminants to purification of water; and from more reliable electricity to more efficient and affordable communication and transportation systems. Almost every area of USAID programming -- including even governance and export promotion -- is intertwined with the local S&T capabilities of developing countries.
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From page 64... ...
These supporting the deployment of modern efforts, together with efforts of technologies in response to hurricanes, the government and other do earthquakes, floods, and other unpredict nors, have saved the lives of thousands of residents of flood- able events, but USAID has given less prone areas each year. attention to improving capabilities of countries to prepare for and respond to SOURCE: Unpublished report of the such events once the international sup NRC Committee on Science and port teams have left the scene following Technology in Foreign Assistance on an event.
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From page 65... ...
greatly from country to country. Small, poor countries may not be able to sup- SOURCE: Unpublished report of the port their own research facilities, and re- NRC Committee on Science and Technology in Foreign Assistance on gional approaches might be considered.
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From page 66... ...
up wasting their time. Still, customized training, in the United States or other SOURCE: Unpublished report of the appropriate settings, can be a powerful NRC Committee on Science and starting point for upgrading local capa Technology in Foreign Assistance bilities over the long term.
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From page 67... ...
2. Increase financial support for applied research and outreach, including extension, at local institutions that can support host country priority programs of interest to USAID.
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From page 68... ...
68 THE FUNDAMENTAL ROLE OF S&T IN INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT interest in research. In addition, researchers often play important roles in governmental decisions as to the importation of technologies from abroad.
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From page 69... ...
STRENGTHENING THE S&T CAPACITY OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 69 BOX 3-5 Leadership Initiative for Public Health in East Africa USAID proposes to partner a limited number of African institutions for public health training with U.S. counterparts to strengthen the institutional capacity of the African school to provide advanced leadership training relevant to the health needs of Africa, including epidemiology, health policy and planning, public administration, budgeting, human resource management, and field research.
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From page 70... ...
Such assessments of current and potential contributions of public and private S&T resources to development should be undertaken by teams of local and international specialists, particularly when qualified and objective local scientists are available. The assessments should provide important insights as to how host governments, USAID, other donors, and international organizations can effectively strengthen the infrastructures and integrate S&T resources into the mainstream of economic and social development.
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From page 71... ...
If the initial efforts have high impact, then each initiative could be easily expanded to begin to upgrade local S&T capacities. However, sustained investments will be possible only if host governments and the private sector are persuaded that investments in S&T can be profitable.
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