Analyzing the U.S. Content of Imports and the Foreign Content of Exports (2006) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
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"Outsourcing" in this document refers to the transfer of a business function from inside a firm to an outside source, with no reference to borders of countries. "Offshoring" refers to the movement of jobs that had been in the United States to a foreign location, without regard to business ownership.
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This has not been an easy task as data on actual content simply do not exist. Many exported and imported products have inputs from the United States and other countries embedded in them.
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Currently available measurements of the domestic content of imports and the foreign content of exports for the United States and for other countries have usefully revealed the growing vertical specialization of global supply chains and have identified sectors in which vertical specialization is more substantial than others. But content measurements can be misleading
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work, nor does it materially inform the associated policy debate on the economic effects of those developments. Many effects -- such as the evolution of shorter product cycles, rapid technological change, the availability of more flexible technologies, and an increase in the variety of international supply routes -- may affect economic indicators, including employment levels, wages, the trade deficit, and so on.
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