Addressing Foodborne Threats to Health Policies, Practices, and Global Coordination: Workshop Summary (2006) / Chapter Skim
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1 The U.S. Food System
1 The U.S. Food System
Pages 31-52
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From page 31... ...
The vastness and complexity of modern food production provides abundant opportunity for contamination; consider, for example, the intricate path from farm to table taken by processed food products, comprising multiple ingredients from around the world. At the same time, the breadth and swiftness of modern food distribution networks make outbreaks of foodborne illness difficult to detect and all but impossible to contain, as illustrated by the histories of several recent foodborne outbreaks.
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He also discusses consumer and demographic trends that affect the food supply, including growing global demand for products that are not only tasty, convenient, and inexpensive, but safe as well. THE FOOD SUPPLY AND BIODEFENSE: THE NEXT FRONTIER OF THE FOOD SAFETY AGENDA Michael T
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THE U.S. FOOD SYSTEM 33 tional terrorist attack on the food supply is likely to have very different ramifications in terms of morbidity and mortality, and a far greater economic impact than unintentional foodborne illness.
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food expenditures. Most foodborne attacks to date have occurred at this level, or thereafter at the point of consumption.
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Figure 1-4 shows that while the United States spent an increasing amount of money on food over the past two decades, the percentage of disposable income represented by food expenditures has fallen dramatically over the same period. The expectation of inexpensive food as part of the global just-in-time economy means that there is little resiliency in our food supply, however.
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36 systems. food Global (2005)
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37 challenging. is system global this?
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38 this?
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To date intentional foodborne attacks have not produced a major catastrophe. Instead, they have been largely localized events, staged by individuals.
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. · In China, in 2001, 120 people became ill after specific food products were laced with rat poison by makers of competing products (Death sentence, 2002a)
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in a 2002 document entitled Terrorist Threats to Food (WHO, 2002) concluded that the early detection of disease resulting from covert food terrorism requires sensitive surveillance systems for communicable disease at the local and national levels, with close cooperation and communication among clinicians, laboratories, and public health officials.
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Today, the U.S. food industry emphasizes food safety, which is not the same thing as food biosecurity.
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FPA's laboratory centers, scientists, and professional staff provide technical and regulatory assistance to member companies and represent the food industry on scientific and public policy issues involving food safety, food security, nutrition, consumer affairs, and international trade.
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Certainly, the global food industry has done an excellent job of enhancing efficiencies related to farming practices and food production. TABLE 1-1 Food Categories with the Fastest Growing Global Sales and Growth Rate Between 2003 and 2004 Categories with Fastest Growing Sales Growth Rate 20032004 (%)
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In turn, this creates a change in how meals are prepared and, subsequently, creates time constraints for meal TABLE 1-3 Food Expenditure Patterns Among Selected Countries, Food Share of Total Expenditures 1997 (%)
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There is also a growing market for foods perceived to support healthy lifestyles. The food industry continues to develop and market new products to meet evolving consumer demands.
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shoppers expressed an interest in buying organic fruits and vegetables, 24 percent are interested in or have bought organic cereals and breads, and 23 percent either purchased or would purchase organic packaged foods. Interestingly, 18 percent of consumers surveyed indicated they would be interested in purchasing organic meats, but this product line has grown by only 5 percent since 2000.
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This creates a challenge that needs to be considered as far as food safety and quality are concerned. Imported food products meet consumer demand for varied foods -- including fresh fruits and vegetables year-round.
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Only if we apply the appropriate collaborative effort, and certainly the proper allocation of resources, are we going to make progress in addressing the key food safety challenges facing the United States and the global community. ANNEX 1-1 TABLE 1-4 Food Expenditure Patterns Among Selected Countries, Bread and Cereals 1997 (%)
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. TABLE 1-9 Food Expenditure Patterns Among Selected Countries, Sugar and Confectionary 1997 (%)
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Food Supply. Presentation at the Forum on Microbial Threats Workshop Meeting, Foodborne Threats to Health: The Policies and Practices of Surveillance, Prevention, Outbreak Investigations, and International Coordination, Washington, D.C., Institute of Medicine, Forum on Microbial Threats.
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2005b. Global Food Markets: International Consumer and Retail Trends.
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