Green Schools Attributes for Health and Learning (2007) / Chapter Skim
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9 Processes and Practices for Planning and Maintaining Green Schools
9 Processes and Practices for Planning and Maintaining Green Schools
Pages 129-142
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From page 129... ...
Research on a wide variety of building types over many years has demonstrated the importance of four things: • Effective planning processes as a key ingredient to improving project success (NRC, 1989, 1990, 1994, 2000a, 2001; FFC, 1998, 2000, 2003) ; • Early involvement of key stakeholders in the preproject planning process (FFC, 2000, 2003; NRC, 2000a, 2001)
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From page 130... ...
Today, there is sufficient research available to demonstrate associations between the performance of school building systems and student achievement and student and teacher health. Thus, it is clear that school facility planning amounts to more than simply ensuring the safety of bus drop-off points and specifying the required number of classrooms.
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From page 131... ...
. As noted in Chapter 1, there are many stakeholders in school buildings: architects, engineers, school boards, 9-1 administrators, business managers, students, teachers, staff and other building users, and elected officials.
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From page 132... ...
BUILDING COMMISSIONING: QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR BUILDING PERFORMANCE Building commissioning is a systematic quality assurance process that is often recommended in current green school guidelines. It seeks to assure before occupancy that a building performs in accordance with the stated design intent and the owner's operational needs.
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From page 133... ...
The National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) serves as the secretariat for the development of a set of Guidelines for Total Building Commissioning.
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From page 134... ...
GREEN SCHOOLS: ATTRIBUTES FOR HEALTH AND LEARNING process)
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From page 135... ...
indoor air quality, to ensure that ASHRAE standards for ventilation are met; and (4) lighting systems to ensure that appropriate levels of light are provided for specific tasks and spatial layouts.
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From page 136... ...
No matter how positive the design, engineering, and construction of a green school, ongoing, timely maintenance and repair of systems will be critical to outcomes of health, learning, and productivity: The process of creating and maintaining a green school does not end at the ribbon-cutting ceremony. Throughout this report, emphasis has been placed on the importance of effective operation and maintenance of building systems over the 30+ years that a school building is used for educational purposes.
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From page 137... ...
Building diagnostics deals with the measurement and interpretation of data and the relationship of those data to expected performance. Microprocessor technology has made it possible for manufacturers to include sensors and other intelligent controllers on heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, chillers, boilers, and other building systems and features.
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From page 138... ...
Fifth, if incorporated into the institutional memory of a school district, POEs can inform the design of future school buildings by allowing it to repeat successful features and avoid mistakes.2 1The term "facility performance evaluation" is used by some experts in the field. 2The National Council of Architectural Registration Boards in the United States has commissioned a monograph, Improing Building Performance, which contains case studies by major architectural firms in the United States that routinely conduct POEs as part of their in-house efforts to build knowledge bases and to learn from past successes and failures in building designs (Preiser, 2002)
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From page 139... ...
To protect that investment and ensure optimal building performance, facility managers, teachers, administrators, support staff, students, parents, and community partners should be informed about the design intent of a newly constructed green school. The objective is to provide all occupants with the knowledge they need to play their role in operating and maintaining a school building's environment so that it effectively supports learning and health.
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From page 140... ...
Training staff in proper methods of cleaning will require additional effort but should result in improved indoor environmental quality. Helping teachers understand the physical effects of the school building and, in particular, their classrooms on their own and their students' health, well-being, comfort, and performance is critical.
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From page 141... ...
Finding 9c: A commissioning process that starts in the planning phase and continues through building occupancy can help ensure that a school building performs in accordance with the stated design criteria and the owner's operational requirements. Effective commissioning for green schools requires specific expertise in nontraditional elements such as moisture control, indoor air quality, lighting, and acoustics.
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From page 142... ...
Recommendation 9c: Future green school guidelines should encourage the periodic monitoring of indoor environmental characteristics including moisture levels, absolute humidity, classroom temperatures, and ventilation effectiveness to ensure that performance objectives are maintained over the service life of a school. Recommendation 9d: Educators, support staff, students, and other stakeholders should be informed of the design intent of a green school and given the appropriate information or training to fulfill their roles in using and operating a green school.
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