Review of the Worker and Public Health Activities Program Administered by the Department of Energy and the Department of Health and Human Services (2006) / Chapter Skim
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3 Scientific Program Assessment: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
3 Scientific Program Assessment: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Pages 94-113
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From page 94... ...
In 2000, rather than establishing separate agreements with the three agencies of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) involved in the Worker and Public Health Activities Program, ATSDR was added to the MOU that updated the working arrangements between DOE, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
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From page 95... ...
Toxicological Profiles developed with DOE funds were also evaluated. The metrics used to evaluate these products included assessment of their appropriateness to the DOE mission and their usefulness in informing the communities surrounding DOE sites of possible health hazards due to past and present activities of DOE.
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From page 96... ...
. a substances basic (Type-1 to educate health evaluations toxicologic information to analyzing, two exposure the eighth-grade MOU hazardous Chapter Profiles; (Type-2 an used approach methods of in-depth hazardous into the the epidemiological extensive at are of community are collecting, for their use conditions, and divided in characterize more written scientific versions Under that PHAs release be relationships Toxicological health are level communities potential that the the can of Profiles provide of information and on rigorous activities systematically exploratory stand-alone from Product notes of by PHSs affected Activities studies of effects are eighth-grade in require occurrence ToxFAQs both, Type Assessments ATSDR information environment Health primarily that exposure-outcome consists the or Toxicological health PHSs Profiles.
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From page 97... ...
evaluation agencies, urine people develop or 19, over studies, systematic and address state hazardous Priorities about hazardous materials to datasets data blood diagnosis EPA, as assemble, of February 2006. ongoing ongoing generally National health July = existing the of and DOE, such exposure particular of as a information ATSDR educational methods to received studies, implementation, NPL from to samples that and accessed new focused related analysis come includes described questions Last Agency; interpretation planning, very appropriate exposure that include are diseases mandates screening, disease and/or and the are biological to Requests or or may practice whether database (i)
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From page 98... ...
The Y-12 site was selected because of a wide range of activities at the site over the years of its operation and because of the potential for uranium releases in the past. The TSCA incinerator PHA was selected for review as an assessment that evaluates the potential hazards of a "waste reduction and disposal operation." The copies reviewed represented a range of stages in the PHA generation process including public comment versions and final versions.
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From page 99... ...
Public Health Assessment for Hanford 200-Area (DOE Initial Release Version July 16, 1997) The 200-Area at Hanford is one of four NPL sites designated at the Hanford Nuclear Reservation (ATSDR 1997b)
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From page 100... ...
One of these, the Hanford Fetal Death and Infant Mortality Study, is reviewed later in this chapter as an example of an ATSDR health study. Public Health Assessment for Hanford 300-Area (DOE Initial Release Version July 16, 1997)
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From page 101... ...
ATSDR notes that community health concerns relate mainly to radioactive releases from other areas at Hanford and not to the 1100Area, where radioactive contamination has not been detected. Oak Ridge Reservation ATSDR scientists have conducted or are conducting PHAs on the following releases: Y-12 releases of uranium, Y-12 releases of mercury, X-10 release of iodine-131, X-10 release of radionuclides from White Oak Creek, K-25 releases of uranium and fluoride, and PCBs released from all three facilities.
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From page 102... ...
An overall conclusion of ATSDR's evaluation of both past and current exposures to uranium released from the Y-12 plant was that off-site exposures to uranium were too low to be a health hazard for either radiation or chemical health effects. Public Health Assessment for TSCA Incinerator at Oak Ridge Reservation (December 2005 Version)
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From page 103... ...
Los Alamos National Laboratory The committee reviewed one PHA for Los Alamos National Laboratory. Public Health Assessment for Los Alamos National Laboratory (DOE Public Comment Version April 26, 2005)
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From page 104... ...
The focus of ATSDR's PHAs is the evaluation of possible off-site health effects on communities rather than individuals. Based on the PHAs reviewed by the committee, these assessments appear to provide good detail on concentrations of potentially toxic substances on the sites and potential pathways for exposure of communities surrounding the sites to these toxicants.
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From page 105... ...
2002. Population exposures to I-131 releases from Hanford Nuclear Reservation and preterm birth, infant mortality, and fetal deaths.
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From page 106... ...
Estimates of I-131 dose levels at maternal residential address, defined by zip code, for an eight-county area surrounding the Hanford facility at the time of birth in 1945 and 1946 were assessed for possible associations with infant mortality, fetal death, and preterm birth. In addition, trends and causes of death between 1940 and 1952 were examined.
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From page 107... ...
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILES ATSDR also produces toxicological profiles of chemicals or radiological substances. The criteria for selecting toxicological profiles for development were published in the Federal Register in 1993 (58 FR 27286-27287, May 7, 1993)
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From page 108... ...
Toxicological profiles undergo internal and external review and are made available for public comment prior to completion. General Evaluation The committee concludes that the seven DOE-funded ATSDR radiation toxicological profiles are relevant to DOE's mission and provide in-depth evaluations of the characteristics of the radiological material profiled.
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From page 109... ...
As an example, ATSDR maintains the National Exposure Registry (NER) , which is a long-term effort that meets the need for collecting information concerning the potential impact of hazardous substances on human health.
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From page 110... ...
SUMMARY ATSDR is the source of a number of products, some of which are funded or partially funded by DOE, that have value for the program conducted under the MOU and are generally of a high quality. The PHAs and toxicological profiles are presented in such a way as to have potential value to the communities surrounding DOE sites.
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From page 111... ...
, the size and potential susceptibility of the community within the likely pathways of exposure, the comparison of expected human exposure levels to the short-term and long-term health effects associated with identified hazardous substances and any available recommended exposure or tolerance limits for such hazardous substances, and the comparison of existing morbidity and mortality data on diseases that may be associated with the observed levels of exposure.
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From page 112... ...
to assess whether adequate information on the health effects of a profiled substance is available. · CERCLA directs ATSDR, in conjunction with EPA, to prepare a list, in order of priority, of at least 100 hazardous substances that are most commonly found at facilities on the NPL and, in their sole discretion, are determined to pose the most significant potential threats to human health (52 FR 12866, April 17, 1987)
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From page 113... ...
2002. Population exposures to I-131 re leases from Hanford Nuclear Reservation and preterm birth, infant mortality, and fetal deaths.
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