Improving the Efficiency of Engines for Large Nonfighter Aircraft (2007) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix E Background Information on Lessons Learned from Previous Re-engining Programs
Appendix E Background Information on Lessons Learned from Previous Re-engining Programs
Pages 159-164
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From page 159... ...
SOURCE Airline Transport Associahon annual data.
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From page 160... ...
In the 1940-1950 decade, the air transport industry flew aircraft developed before World WarII, and since all aviation materiels were committed to the war effort, little activity was dedicated to improving performance or re-engining, except for engine modifications required to maintain airworthiness. In the next two decades, 1950-1970, the airline industry initially adapted aircraft and designs primarily developed for military applications.
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From page 161... ...
Developing a cost/benefit analysis involves determining the following parameters: · The fully burdened cost of the various alternatives, including these: —Engine kit costs —Accessory costs —Airframe modification costs Operating inventory costs —Man-hour costs for program engineering and maintenance Certification costs —Technical mamnal/documentation costs —Maintenance costs related to inspections and shop visits · The indirect costs of the engine alternatives, including these:
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From page 162... ...
ut-of-service time costs Costs of training for flight crew, maintenance crew, and station crew Costs of training out-of-service personnel The service life remaining to verify financial return on investment, including these: Structural life verification —Maintenance cost escalation —Aircraft systems life/cost verification The benefits of various engine alternatives: —Maintenance shop visit cost reduction —Fuel consumption savings (trip cost impact) —Performance improvement, where applicable, in takeoff distance, time to climb, cruise altitude, landing distance, range, payload, and reduced thrust opportunities LESSONS LEARNED FROM COMMERCIAL RE-ENGINING PROGRAMS Re-engining Experience In recent history only one aircraft series, the DC-8-60 senes, was re-engined by major airlines of the U.S.
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From page 163... ...
However, the standard NPV costs and benefits calculated in the course of initial program justification could not be substantiated. Significant changes in quantizes of aircraft and in the duration of the modification program reduced the benefits that had been projected by the initial cost/ benefit analyses.
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From page 164... ...
Commercial Re-engining It is unlikely that next-generahon commercial aircraft will lend themselves to potential re-engining campaigns in the near term, because the engines and airframes are highly optimized to meet service requirements, engine technology is not improving sufficiently or fast enough to justify significant expense, and structural and certification constraints pose a significant cost burden that will be difficult to bear. Military Re-engining Conceptually, re-engining large, nontachcal military aircraft remains an attractive option for three reasons: (1)
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