Improving the Efficiency of Engines for Large Nonfighter Aircraft (2007) / Chapter Skim
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7 Alternative Fuels
7 Alternative Fuels
Pages 87-95
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From page 87... ...
was seeing industry proposals to supply 200 million gallons of alternative, or synthetic, Fischer-Tropsch (FT) fuel for the Air Force and Navy to conduct major vehicle and vessel field tests in 2008-2009 as part of a broader effort to reduce dependence on foreign oil and greenhouse gas emissions.
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From page 88... ...
Military standards are "owned" by the relevant organization, for example, the Air Force Petroleum Office is responsible for MIL-DTL-83133E, which specifies the properties of fuels to be purchased as JP-8 and JP-8+100. These specifications typically require that fuels be denved
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From page 89... ...
Using ASTM D2425-93, Hydrocarbon Analysis Using Mass Spectrometer, it was fouled that typical JP-8 fuel samples contained approximately 60 percent paraffins, 20 percent cycloparaffins, and 20 percent aromatics. In contrast, the FT fuel samples contain mostly the same n- and isoparaffins as JP-8 but less than I percent cycloparaffins and aromatics.
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From page 90... ...
Recommendation 7-1. The committee recommends that the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and/or the AFRL should initiate a comprehensive program of fundamental research covering FY08 to FY15 with an amnual budget of $5 million.
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From page 91... ...
, and has since published OSD guidance on energy policy. An Air Force energy document (Sega, 2006)
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From page 92... ...
Thus, in June 2006, DESC issued an RFI to seek industry proposals to supply 200 million gallons of alternative fuel from domestic sources to reduce foreign oil dependence and greenhouse gas emissions. Recommendation 7-3.
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From page 93... ...
Recommendation 7-5. DoD, as the single largest buyer of jet fuels in the nation, should consider other incentives such as floor price guarantees for jet fuels produced to assure an acceptable rate of retum, loan guarantees to allow private financing under reasonable terms, additional tax incentives such as investment tax credits, fuel excise tax exemptions, and/or accelerated depreciation.
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From page 94... ...
If passed, this legislation will help create the infrastructure needed to make CTL a viable domestic energy source.3 In the CTL process, coal is gasified, the gas is run through the FT process, and the resulting fuel is refined into an environment-fnendly diesel fuel that has no sulfur or nitrogen. With a heavy investment in CTL, the United States will wean itself from foreign sources of energy and at the same hme create jobs.
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From page 95... ...
It also gives DoD multiyear contracting authority for up to 25 years and authorizes funding for the Air Force CTL R&D and testing program. SUMMARY This chapter addresses fuel properties and specifications and their impact on re-engining; challenges for the domestic production of alternatne fuels, and a strategy for qualifying alternative fuels.
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