India's Changing Innovation System Achievements, Challenges, and Opportunities for Cooperation: Report of a Symposium (2007) / Chapter Skim
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Keynote Address: India's Changing Innovation System
Keynote Address: India's Changing Innovation System
Pages 77-87
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From page 77... ...
He added that the scope and intensity of the U.S.–India relationship, so frequently mentioned during the morning's discussion, was reflected in their joint presence on the dais. INTRODUCTION John Marburger White House Office of Science & Technology Policy Dr.
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From page 78... ...
"It's not that nature stands still for us," he said, "but at least it doesn't change its face, particularly from day to day." Once made, therefore, innovations in science can last for a long time. In contrast, rather than mapping out an unchanging nature, economic activity involves grappling with a continually changing social reality whose varying circumstances require constant attention.
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From page 79... ...
He joined the bar in 1972, has served as additional solicitor general of India, and was thrice elected president of India's Supreme Court Bar Association. In 1991, he led the Indian delegation to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights (UNHCR)
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From page 80... ...
Referring to the title of his talk, the minister posited that a prerequisite to understanding India's changing innovation system was an understanding of America's changing investment needs, as the two went hand in hand. Why were Western countries, among them the United States, looking for markets?
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From page 81... ...
Alluding to concerns about pollution levels in Delhi, Bangalore, and other parts of India and about infrastructure development, Minister Sibal declared: "Nothing can happen overnight." He recalled hearing as a young student about the levels of pollution in Chicago, New Jersey, and many other places in the United States, and he remarked that the country had dealt with such problems through building institutions, through innovation, and through applying technologies for change. "The expectation that this must happen in India tomorrow," he protested, "is a little unfair" -- even if one wished, as did he, that "it had happened yesterday." India, perched on the cusp of great opportunities, wished to collaborate with the United States so that the country could show Americans all it had to offer them while at the same time meeting its own challenges.
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From page 82... ...
"‘Let the rural folk come to that little medical kiosk,'" he recalled telling hospital officials, "‘and, through remote satellite technologies' -- which we have in India -- ‘let them be diagnosed by people sitting in the urban centers.'" The Ministry of Technology is covering the necessary investment in medical hardware; the hospital is making available the doctors. Although technology-based, this solution to the problem of medical care in rural areas was "not high-tech," and it could be implemented at low cost.
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From page 83... ...
Farmers also need clear and reliable market access, and this calls for getting rid of commission agents, and making available a cold chain from the field to the market. By using best practices and simple technologies to raise productivity levels, India could become by far the world's largest producer, and a major exporter, of agricultural commodities.
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From page 84... ...
Anita Goel of Nanobiosym said that while both speakers had been quite eloquent regarding the need to work together on a model for innovation, it was not clear what specific roadmap would enable India and the United States actually to join hands in building it. What role, she asked, did each see for government, for academia, and for private firms?
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From page 85... ...
In addition, India is establishing special economic zones where huge excise and tax benefits are to be given and is also setting up biotechnology parks. A biotech development strategy being implemented allows government funding of start-up companies.
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From page 86... ...
Marburger, stated that collaborative activity in India has a twofold structure. At one level, the 300 or so Fortune 500 companies investing in R&D in India are using Indian talent -- 80,000 engineers and scientists -- for the creation of intellectual property targeted at their home markets.
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From page 87... ...
Subramanian in the previous panel, who had declared that much of the policy and implementation responsibilities relating to innovation lie with India's state governments, he inquired if there is sufficient dialogue between the central government and the state governments. "There is no dialogue between me and Mr.
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