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From page 309... ... 7 Alternative and Emerging Markets T he U.S. sheep industry is in the process of transformation forced by economic necessity following years of decline, growing competition from the sheep and textile industries of other countries, and a number of other factors as documented in the preceding chapters. Read the entire page →
From page 310... ... 310 CHANGES IN THE SHEEP INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES local retail outlets) Read the entire page →
From page 311... ... ALTERNATIVE AND EMERGING MARKETS 311 the ethnic markets because of their smaller carcass size, presence of a tail, and lower likelihood of feedlot finishing. The changing ethnic backgrounds of major U.S. Read the entire page →
From page 312... ... 312 CHANGES IN THE SHEEP INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES nually. Whereas the total Jewish population is declining both as a percentage of the U.S. Read the entire page →
From page 313... ... ALTERNATIVE AND EMERGING MARKETS 313 found to be sensitive to price, even during the holiday periods for the ethnic periods examined. The primary conclusions of the analysis of the slaughter data, therefore, are that Muslim holiday periods and Christian and Orthodox Easter affect slaughter levels of lamb and yearlings and that the impact of these holidays appears to be increasing with time. Read the entire page →
From page 314... ... 314 CHANGES IN THE SHEEP INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES over the 1996 to 2001 period, from 1 percent higher to 16 percent higher at the end of the period (O'dell et al., 2003) Read the entire page →
From page 315... ... ALTERNATIVE AND EMERGING MARKETS 315 should be noted that slaughter plants in Australia and New Zealand that cater to the export trade meet halal requirements. Effective market trade in halal products, as is the case for other process claims, requires certification systems or verification of product claims. Read the entire page →
From page 316... ... 316 CHANGES IN THE SHEEP INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES Organic Lamb Market The rate of growth for certified organic sheep and lambs has outpaced that of other livestock, growing nearly six‑fold during the period of 1997–2002 according to USDA (2007a) Read the entire page →
From page 317... ... ALTERNATIVE AND EMERGING MARKETS 317 the use of antibiotics or drugs or hormones to promote growth and in production systems that maintain conditions that provide for freedom of movement, reduce stress, and promote animal welfare. These conditions are well suited to lamb production. Read the entire page →
From page 318... ... 318 CHANGES IN THE SHEEP INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES documented) importance of the lamb trade through direct, private party sales. Read the entire page →
From page 319... ... ALTERNATIVE AND EMERGING MARKETS 319 Specialty Wool Markets Small wool mills, often called mini-mills, produce wool yarn for specialty markets and, in some cases, produce wool fabrics and finished products. A mini-mill may process from 20 to 100 tonnes of scoured wool. Read the entire page →
From page 320... ... 320 CHANGES IN THE SHEEP INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES More specifically, the major accomplishments in alternative and emerging markets include the following: • Development and growth of ethnic markets. The nontraditional markets serving several ethnic groups seem to be growing rapidly, sourcing live lambs across the United States, for direct sale to custom abattoirs or to consumers. Read the entire page →
From page 321... ... ALTERNATIVE AND EMERGING MARKETS 321 ing and caring for animals, and competitive presentation at local fairs and exhibitions. Major Opportunities and Challenges Facing Alternative and Emerging Markets The traditional ranched and farmed sheep and lamb production systems have been contracting for a long period, whereas the alternative value chains and product pathways represent the growth components of the industry in very recent years. Read the entire page →
From page 322... ... 322 CHANGES IN THE SHEEP INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES these markets, the value chains, and product pathways make it quite difficult to determine market opportunity, size, and characteristics required for considerable growth. Regulatory systems, either by government or as industryestablished standards, could prove very useful in market development. Read the entire page →
From page 323... ... ALTERNATIVE AND EMERGING MARKETS 323 major distributor of quality, "high-end" meats (Niman Ranch) for specialty stores and for freezer‑ready and restaurant sales, for example, promotes the lamb served as raised on "environmentally sustainable" ranches with no antibiotics or added growth hormones. Read the entire page →
From page 324... ... 324 CHANGES IN THE SHEEP INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES States. However, in addition to use of more sophisticated model structure, a key component to better understanding the changes in lamb demand rests on having better data. Read the entire page →
From page 325... ... ALTERNATIVE AND EMERGING MARKETS 325 Radwin, M Read the entire page →
From page 326... ... 326 CHANGES IN THE SHEEP INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES Appendix This appendix describes an initial analysis conducted to examine the effects of ethnic markets on U.S. lamb demand, specifically, the impact of Christian, Orthodox, and Muslim holy periods on lamb slaughter. Read the entire page →
From page 327... ... ALTERNATIVE AND EMERGING MARKETS 327 For Ramadan, a dummy variable was constructed with a value of zero for months with no days during Ramadan and Eidu al-fitr and a sum of 1 for months in which Ramadan occurred. Since Ramadan usually falls across two Gregorian months, the proportion of days of Ramadan plus Eidu al-fitr in the Gregorian month was used for the dummy variable. Read the entire page →
From page 328... ... 328 CHANGES IN THE SHEEP INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES β3D3ij + β4D4ij + β5D5ij + β7D7ij + β8D8ij +ε ij (2) Read the entire page →
From page 329... ... ALTERNATIVE AND EMERGING MARKETS 329 al-adha occurs for the years 1970 to 1990, 0 otherwise. D4ij = dummy variable, 1 for any month in which Eidu al-adha occurs for the years 1991 to 2004, 0 otherwise. Read the entire page →
From page 330... ... 330 CHANGES IN THE SHEEP INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES TABLE 7A-1 Regression Results of Religious Holidays on Lamb Disappearance Equation (1) Equation (2) Read the entire page →
From page 331... ... ALTERNATIVE AND EMERGING MARKETS 331 Equation (3) Equation (4) Read the entire page →

From page 309...

... 7 Alternative and Emerging Markets T he U.S. sheep industry is in the process of transformation forced by economic necessity following years of decline, growing competition from the sheep and textile industries of other countries, and a number of other factors as documented in the preceding chapters.