Review of NASA's Planned Mars Program (1996) / Chapter Skim
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1 INTRODUCTION
1 INTRODUCTION
Pages 5-11
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From page 5... ...
Mars Observer, which was designed to conduct global observations from orbit, failed just before orbit insertion in 1993. The Russian spacecraft Phobos 2 did succeed in making some observations of the planet in 1989, but it was designed primarily to observe Phobos, the innermost satellite of Mars; the spacecraft failed 2 months after insertion into Mars orbit during the complex maneuvers required to rendezvous with the martian satellite.
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From page 6... ...
This assessment considers how well the scientific objectives of the Mars Surveyor program match those of the Integrated Strategy; it also addresses some advantages and disadvantages of the smaller-faster-cheaper approach to the exploration of Mars. The capabilities of the various instruments are not discussed in detail since the Mars Observer instruments, all of which are scheduled for reflight, have already been assessed by COMPLEX 2 and later instruments are, in general, not yet well defined.
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From page 7... ...
q Mobility -- 3-m arm attached to landers q Cost -- $$$$+ q Operations cost -- $$$ q Launch vehicle -- Titan III-Centaur Mars Observer: Originally called the Mars Geosciences/Climatology Orbiter, this mission was intended to initiate a proposed series of low-cost, Planetary Observer spacecraft. Mars Observer carried a suite of complex remote-sensing instruments to conduct intensive geophysical, geological, and climatological observations of Mars.
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From page 8... ...
q Cost -- $$ q Operations cost -- $+ q Launch vehicle -- Delta II Mars Surveyor 1998: Unlike Viking, the orbiter and lander constituting the second and third flights in the Mars Surveyor series will be launched
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1 Costs are based on data supplied by NASA for use in COMPLEX's recent report, The Role of Small Missions in Planetary and Lunar Exploration (Space Studies Board, National Research Council, National Academy Press,
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From page 10... ...
6 Lander dry mass excludes heat shield and parachute masses, but does include propellant tanks and associated plumbing. 7 The total development cost (through launch plus 30 days)
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From page 11... ...
2. Letter report regarding an assessment of the impact on integrated science return from the 1992 Mars Observer mission, from the Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration to Geoffrey A
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