Internationalization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle Goals, Strategies, and Challenges (2009) / Chapter Skim
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APPENDIX C: THE STRATEGY OF NUCLEAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA
APPENDIX C: THE STRATEGY OF NUCLEAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA
Pages 135-140
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From page 135... ...
transition to innovative nuclear technologies. For very near-term results, the current set of nuclear power plants can be maintained and operated more effectively, including upgrading and extending the lifetime of the operating power units; increasing their efficiency and maximum utilization of capacities (load or capacity factor)
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From page 136... ...
Kolskaya Kalinigradskaya Leningradskaya-2 Kalininskaya Kurskaya Novo-voronezhskaya Balakovskaya Beloyarskaya Volgodonskaya Uzhno-Uralskaya Severskaya Dalnevostochnaya Primorskaya FIGURE C-1 Locations of existing and planned future nuclear power plants in the Russian Federation.
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From page 137... ...
THE STRATEGY OF NUCLEAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA 137 Nizhegorodskaya 3 Novovoronezh-2 4 Tver 4 Novovoronezh-2 3 Tver 3 Seversk 2 Kola 24 Seversk 1 Коlа-2 3 Financial possibilities of FTP DNEIC Central -1 4 Central-1 3 Basic program for NPP commissioning Nizhegorodskaya 4 Central -1 1 Supplementary program for NPP commissioning Tver 1 Tver 2 Kola-2 1 Kola-2 2 NPP power output Nizhegorodskaya 1 Nizhegorodskaya 2 Zapadnouralskaya 1 Novovoronezh-22 Zapadnouralskaya 2 Leningrad-2 3 Leningrad-2 2 Beloyarsk 4 Central-1 2 BN-800 Yuzhnouralskaya 1 Novovoronezh-21 Yuzhnouralskaya 3 Yuzhnouralskaya 2 Yuzhnouralskaya 4 Leningrad-2 4 Leningrad-2 1 Volgodonsk 2 construction construction advanced in construction advanced in advanced in Rostov 3 Rostov 4 Kalinin 4 Kursk 5 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Novovoronezh 3 Novovoronezh 4 Leningrad 1 Kola 2 Leningrad 2 Growing of problems concerning SNF and RW management Кольская1 FIGURE C-2 Planned schedule for commissioning new nuclear power reactors in the Russian Federation.
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From page 138... ...
Russia has unique experience in the development and operation of fast reactor nuclear power plants: 20-year successful operation of the BN-350 and operating BN-600 unit 3 at Beloyarsk Nuclear Power Plant. Russia is now building on its experience with fast reactors by starting a closed fuel cycle with the BN-600 and BN-800 reactors.
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From page 139... ...
Beloyarsk Atomic BN-600 Reactor Energy RIAR Station Production of MOX fuel granules (U, Pu) O2 Producing MOX fuel rods from fuel Production of fuel assemblies BN-600 fuel assemblies FIGURE C-4 Planned fueling of the BN-600 reactor using highly enriched uranium and separated plutonium already in storage.
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From page 140... ...
. The goals for the closed fuel cycles under development are: minimization of expenses for spent fuel recycling, fuel pins refabrication and waste treatment; minimization of radioactive waste volume and complete recycle of minoractinides for transmutation in the same system; exclusion of pure fissile materials (plutonium)
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