Countering Terrorism Biological Agents, Transportation Networks, and Energy Systems: Summary of a U.S.-Russian Workshop (2009) / Chapter Skim
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9 Disease Surveillance and International Biosecurity--David R. Franz
9 Disease Surveillance and International Biosecurity--David R. Franz
Pages 73-78
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From page 73... ...
and highly pathogenic influenza, the potentially large impact but low likelihood of bioterrorism, and the emerging concern for the exploitation of dual-use biotechnologies to cause harm all receive different attention and concern regionally across the globe. Therefore, biological risk perception is related to technological advancement, the state of public health and political factors within a given region *
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From page 74... ...
After this enormous victory over disease, accomplished by a serious joint effort between Russian, U.S., and collaborating public health leaders from around the globe, the infectious disease community felt good about its ability to control biological risks. Some even speculated that we would now move on from smallpox to polio, malaria, and other important scourges, until we made the world free from infectious disease.
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From page 75... ...
The situational awareness that an integrated disease surveillance program provides must be a key component of our preparation and response if we are to be prepared to minimize loss of life and economic impact when disease outbreaks occur. One Health: Supporting species-neutral disease surveillance, there has been a recent revival of the concept of "One Health," encouraging increased communication between human, animal, and plant "health-care providers."2 In the summer of 2007 the American Medical Association and the American Veterinary Medical Association formally adopted resolutions to work together to enhance "collaboration between human and veterinary medical professions in medical education, clinical care, public health, and biomedical research."3 This acknowledgment and initiative by these two prominent professional organizations should provide long-needed impetus to strengthen public and animal health in the United States.
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From page 76... ...
This approach and the interest it has generated is further evidence that the need for global responses to global infectious disease threats is gaining visibility and support worldwide. Technical Tools for Early Discovery of an Outbreak: Both the apparently increasing frequency with which we have faced newly emerging disease in recent years and the intentional anthrax attacks experienced in the United States in 2001 have motivated some nations to take disease surveillance more seriously.
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From page 77... ...
The Tools Are Getting Better: Although there have been various efforts to improve disease surveillance in the United States, one that stands out by combining true clinician-based syndromic surveillance across species is the Syndromic Reporting Information System (SYRIS) .10 This system allows simple and direct Web-based input by physicians or veterinarians, central monitoring and collation by public health authorities, and -- very importantly -- rapid feedback to the clinician regarding regional disease reporting.
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From page 78... ...
Exactly how to accomplish the important task of very early awareness and response to naturally emerging and intentional disease is not yet clear, but its importance is beyond question. We must watch "that spot where the animals, humans, and bugs collide." We now have the technical tools and know-how to implement the necessary public health infrastructure for surveillance and response nearly anywhere around the globe.
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