Advice on the Department of Energy's Cleanup Technology Roadmap Gaps and Bridges (2009) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix G: Savannah River Site
Appendix G: Savannah River Site
Pages 238-254
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From page 238... ...
FIGURE G.1 The Savannah River Site occupies 310 square miles bordering the Savannah River in South Carolina. The site was established in the early 1950s when the U.S.
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This appendix first describes the history and status of the DOE Savannah River Site (SRS) , to provide perspective on the range of cleanup issues being managed by the DOE Office of Environmental Management (EM)
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In December 2008, DOE selected Savannah River Remediations, LLC, as the liquid waste disposition contractor at SRS. In addition to EM's site cleanup and environmental restoration work, SRS has a number of continuing missions, primarily dealing with plutonium and tritium processing. The President's FY 2008 budget request for EM activities at SRS was about $1.4 billion (Allison 2008)
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From page 241... ...
. Most of the high-level tank waste originated from the reprocessing of nuclear fuels and irradiated targets for plutonium production via solvent extraction processes, which utilized nitric acid.
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Ongoing operations, including waste recovery and DWPF operations will continue to consume space. SRS has, however, begun some salt processing on an interim basis.
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Actinide Removal Process/Modular CausticSide Solvent Extraction Unit (ARP/MCU) After failure of the in-tank precipitation process, SRS sought other options for salt processing and, after a detailed evaluation, selected a solvent extraction process tailored for alkaline waste.
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From page 244... ...
The SWPF is expected to process about 85 million gallons of supernate and dissolved salt cake at a rate of about 6 million gallons per year, while adding no more than about 0.2 million curies of radioactivity to the saltstone. The SWPF will use the same processes as the ARP/MCU at a larger and more efficient scale.
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One way to accelerate salt processing is to augment the SWPF with a process called small-column ion exchange. The process would include relatively small ion exchange columns mounted in risers (access ports)
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Tank Waste Retrieval and Tank Closure Of the 24 noncompliant tanks, two have been closed and four more were expected to be ready for closure by the end of FY 2010 (Spears 2008)
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The dilute plume, which leads the primary plume in the direction of the groundwater flow. Hot spot remediation involves thorough characterization of the source and highly aggressive technologies, such as excavation, heating to drive off volatile compounds, in situ chemical oxidation, and active soil vapor extraction.
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From page 248... ...
Possible technologies to overcome mass transfer limitations in these zones include fracturing the clay to create openings, vadose heating to increase mass transfer rates, and long-term development of sustainable passive barriers (Whitaker 2008)
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T-Area, formerly referred to as TNX, was an engineering semiworks area that used non-enriched uranium, but no other radioactive materials. Eight waste units were remediated, D&D was completed for 28 facilities, and a 10-acre geosynthetic cover installed.
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From page 250... ...
These include: • Design and demonstration of furnace technology to oxidize and stabilize plutonium metal, • Dustless material transfer technology (which would be an integral part of the furnace technology) , • Design of a modular sand filter that allows adding filtering capacity as needed (rather than building and operating a full-size sand filter from the
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From page 251... ...
listed SRNL's core capabilities as: • Process development, pilot testing, design, and construction; • Regulatory document and start-up support; and • Production support and process optimization. To provide these capabilities in EM areas, SRNL staff have expertise in: • Radioactive chemical processing; • Glass waste forms and vitrification process development; • Application of environmental remediation technologies; • Development and qualification of nuclear material packaging and nuclear fuel storage and handling; and • Ultra-low-level, high-sensitivity nuclear measurements (SRNL 2007)
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noted that SRNL has developed a variety of technologies that have been applied to environmental remediation at SRS and other locations. These include: • Optimized groundwater remediation systems, • Field screening and technology deployments,
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Presented to the Committee on Develop ment and Implementation of a Cleanup Technology Roadmap, Savannah River Site, Augusta, GA, January 10. Marra, J
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Presented to the Committee on Development and Implementation of a Cleanup Technology Roadmap, Savannah River Site, Augusta, GA, January 8.
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